components of blood

what are the components of blood

plasma Erythrocytes (Red Blood Cells) Leukocytes (White Blood Cells) Thrombocytes (platelets)

what is the proper name for red blood cell

Erythrocytes

what is the proper name for white blood cell

Leukocytes

what is the proper name for platelets

Thrombocytes

plasma

Plasma is the liquid part of blood, comprising about 55% of blood by volume. Plasma is a pale yellow coloured aqueous solution containing numerous dissolved solutes, all being transported from one part of the body to another.

what solutes are dissolved in plasma

Nutrients (e.g. glucose, amino acids, vitamins, lipids, nucleotides) Waste e.g. urea, lactic acid Ions (e.g. Na+ , K+ , Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl- , HCO3 , 2 HPO3 , 2 SO4 ) These help control the solute potential of the blood and some also help buffer the blood pH. Hormones Transported from glands to target organs Proteins (eg albumins and blood clotting factors, antigens and antibodies) Water. Heat.

Erythrocytes (red blood cells)

Erythrocytes are formed from blood stem cells in the bone marrow, and have a limited life of about 120 days. Mature erythrocytes lose their nuclei and mitochondria its other organelles and are just packed with the red protein haemoglobin. It is the erythrocytes that give blood its red colour. These are biconcave giving them a large surface area to volume ratio which helps the diffusion of oxygen in and out of the blood.

Leukocytes (White Blood Cells)

Like erythrocytes they are formed in bone marrow, but some finish developing in the lymph nodes or thymus gland. Leukocytes are all part of the immune system, killing pathogens in the blood and tissue fluid. study leukocytes and the immune system in. There are several different kinds of leukocyte, usually classified by their appearance

What are the 2 types of Leukocytes

Granulocytes Agranulocytes

Granulocytes

Have visible vesicles or granules in their cytoplasm containing signalling molecules that can control other parts of the immune system. They have characteristic lobed nuclei. They include neutrophils (which are phagocytes and comprise 70% of all white blood cells); eosinophils (which stain orange with the satin eosin and stimulate the inflammatory response); and basophils (which a two-lobed nucleus and secrete histamines that stimulate inflammation).

job first responders to infection

Agranulocytes

Agranulocytes have clear cytoplasm’s without granules and large unlobed nuclei. They include monocytes (which are large phagocytic cells); macrophages (which are phagocytes formed from monocytes); and lymphocytes (which are small leukocytes responsible for the specific immune response).

focuses on specific immunity and long term defence

include T and B cells (b produce antibodies)

Thrombocytes (platelets)

Platelets are cell fragments without nuclei, formed by fragmentation of large cells called megakaryocytes in the bone marrow. There are 400,000 platelets per mm3 of blood and they are responsible for blood clotting.