Nutrition Quizzes (D5-D9)

Which of the following hormones does the pancreas produce?

Glucagon

Many animals will consume more water than is necessary for daily functions, with the excess being excreted in the feces. True/False

False

The process of breaking down complex molecules into simpler ones, releasing energy.

Catabolism

Most food absorption happens here

small intestine

Colon

large intestine

___________________must be consumed regularly because it cannot be stored in the body if in excess.

protein

What are the water soluble vitamins?

Vitamin B, C

The primary clinical manifestations of this deficiency include cachexia, muscle wasting, gastrointestinal disturbances, peripheral edema, anemia, and a dull, unkempt coat.

protein

Some types of fiber are fermented by bacteria in the large intestine. These are called

soluble fiber

Anemia may be caused by a deficiency of

calcium

Nutritional assessment should be done

at every visit on every pet

A nutrient that has a lower digestibility will need to be fed in ____________________________ amounts.

higher

An assessment to assist in monitoring adequacies of daily food intake

BCS

Which essential amino acid is required by cats but not by dogs?

Taurine

What are the common types of feeding regimens?

free feeding, portion controlled, time controlled, ab-libetum

1 kilogram (kg) is how many pounds (lbs)?

2.2 lbs

Percentage of absorbed protein that is available for productive body functions

BV

If a patient is 12%–15% dehydrated, which characteristics would you expect to see?

death

The hormone primarily responsible for preventing hypocalcemia is:

Parathyroid hormone

Which of the following is a not a polysaccharide?

lipids

White muscle disease can be treated with:

Both Selenium and Vitamin E

All of the following are characteristics of vitamins except one. Which is not associated with a vitamin?

They are inorganic molecules

Vitamin _________ has antioxidant activity which makes it useful as a preservative in pet foods.

E

Although pet owners should be advised to be cautious with vitamin supplements, mineral supplementation is generally considered safe. True/False

False

Deficiency of which nutrient will have the most rapid negative effect on an animal?

water

Example of a carbohydrate?

starch, cellulose, sugar

Evaluated periodically to assess weight gain or loss (3 words)

body condition score

What is a disadvantage of free-choice feeding?

Difficult to monitor the pet’s consumption

A comprehensive nutritional history for patients presenting with acute diarrhea should include:

the diet fed, person responsible for feeding pet, ingestion of any trash or unusual foods

An animal is considered obese when its weight exceeds what percentage of its ideal weight?

20%

A client comes in with a pet food bag. Help the client understand the information on the bag by matching each piece of information with the section of the food label

Feed 2-2.5 cups per 10 - 20lb dog

feeding directions

What is the "with" rule in naming pet food?

The food must contain at least 3% of each named ingredient.

An example of a product designator from a pet-food label?

cat food

Diets that are excessive in protein

allow the body to use some of the excess protein as energy

Raw meat diet recipes

may include bones, which can obstruct or perforate the GI tract

AAFCO, the Association of American Feed Control Officials is

a private, nongovernmental organization

Which governmental organization is responsible for the regulation of pet food?

FDA

The guaranteed analysis found on pet food labels does not reflect ___________________ content.

total dietary fiber

What is not following is not considered a risk factor finding to address during a nutritional assessment of a small animal? 

Treats accounting for 5% of total calories

What is the percentage of water in dry kibble?

10-12%

Rotating ingredients is the best way to ensure that a home-prepared diet is complete and balanced for the individual. True/False

False

What following diets is intended to be dispensed under the supervision of veterinarians in the context of a valid veterinarian–client–patient relationship (VCPR)?

Veterinary therapeutic

In accordance with the Association of American Feed Control Officials (AAFCO) guidelines ingredients on food labels are listed:

In descending order by weight

What is guaranteed to contain some preservatives?

Dry kibble

Inspects and regulates meat, poultry, and egg products; ensures these products are safe, wholesome, and accurately labeled.

USDA

Diets that are excessive in protein

allow the body to use some of the excess protein as energy

A nutrient that has a lower digestibility will need to be fed in ____________________________ amounts.

higher/larger

Feeding dog food to a cat is ____________ advised.

never

butylated hydroxyanisole

chemical preservative

DL-Methionine

an amino acid additive

thiamine mononitrate

source of vitamin b1

carrageenan

a gelling agent that gives pate and loaf wet foods their firm consistency

ergocalciferol

a source of vitamin d from plants

potassium sorbate

a chemical preservative

pyridoxine hydrochloride

cource of vitamin b6

dicalcium phosphate

a mineral

Byproducts and Meal. Match the ingredients to their definition. All legal definitions can be found on the AAFCO website.

poultry byproducts

Rendered product from mammal tissues, including bone, with specific limits on calcium and phosphorus levels.

meat and bone meal

The rendered product from animal tissues, often consisting of whole carcasses or byproducts not meeting other ingredient criteria.

animal byproduct meal

Dry, rendered product from clean flesh and skin of poultry, with or without accompanying bone, excluding heads, feet, and entrails.

poultry meal

Clean flesh derived from slaughtered mammals, primarily muscle tissue, but may include fat, gristle, and accompanying tissues.

meat

Non-rendered clean parts of mammals other than meat, including organs like lungs, kidneys, and livers, but excluding hair, teeth, and hooves.

meat byproducts

Clean combination of flesh and skin from poultry, with or without bone, but excluding feathers, heads, and entrails.

poultry

Ground, rendered clean parts of poultry carcasses, including necks, feet and undeveloped eggs, and intestines, with water and fat removed.

poultry byproducts meal

Rendered product from mammal tissues, primarily protein and minerals, excluding added blood, hair, and other extraneous materials.

meat meal

Consider this scenario: An outbreak of Salmonella has been traced to a facility that manufactures several brands of dog food. These contaminated products will be recalled through a mandate by the

FDA

Provides guidelines for pet food labeling, nutritional adequacy, and ingredient definitions but does not directly regulate pet food.

AAFCO

When discussing energy in rations, capitalization is important. Which of the following contains the most energy: a kilocalorie or a Calorie?

they are the same

The expressions “as-fed,” “dry matter," and "metabolizable energy" refer to measurements of a nutrient in a diet and are interchangeable with each other.True/False

False

In general, how many days should be allowed for diet changes in dogs and cats?

5-7 days

The most accurate formula to determine the pet's resting energy requirement is:

RER kcal/day = 70 (ideal body weight in kg) 0.75

All of the potential energy available in a food or diet is known as ______________ energy.

gross

Vitamin _________ has antioxidant activity which makes it useful as a preservative in pet foods.

E

Promotes pet nutrition education and provides tools to help veterinarians and pet owners make informed feeding decisions.

PNA

In accordance with the Association of American Feed Control Officials (AAFCO) guidelines ingredients on food labels are listed:

In descending order by weight

A client comes in with a pet food bag. Help the client understand the information on the bag by matching each piece of information with the section of the food label

8lbs (3.62kg)

net weight

A client comes in with a pet food bag. Help the client understand the information on the bag by matching each piece of information with the section of the food label

Purina dog chow

Principal display panel

What is the 95% rule in naming pet food?

The named ingredients must make up at least 95% of the product (excluding water) and 70% (including water).

According to AAFCO guidelines, a pet food's statement of "complete and balanced" refers to a diet that contains all essential nutrients in concentrations that are proportional to what?

The energy density of the food

Nutrients are most commonly listed in kilogram (kg) units on a pet food label. True/False

False

Inspects and regulates meat, poultry, and egg products; ensures these products are safe, wholesome, and accurately labeled.

USDA

The standard measurement for energy that is also referred to as “calories” to an animal owner

kcal

Purina Dog Chow

principal display panel

Crude protein 42% (minimum)

guaranteed analysis

Chicken, brewers rice, corn gluten meal

ingredient statement

Adult maintenance

statement of nutritional adequacy

Feed 1–1½ cups per 5–10 lb dog

feeding directions

Picture of the product

product vignette

"Whiskers’ Finest Tuna Cat Food"

the names ingredient must make up 95% of the product (minus water) and 70% (with water)

"Pawfect Choice Beef Entrée for Senior Dogs"

25% rule

"Buddy’s Chicken-Flavored Dog Kibble"

this product does not need a large amount of the names ingredient as long as it provides flavor and is listed as an ingredient

"Furry Friend’s Lamb and Rice Dinner"

25% rule

"Healthy Bites Dog Food with Salmon"

the “with” rule

"All-Turkey Jerky Treats"

the product must be 100% of the names ingredient

Ensures that ingredients used in pet food are safe and serve an appropriate function; oversees products in interstate commerce.

FDA

Inspects and regulates meat, poultry, and egg products; ensures these products are safe, wholesome, and accurately labeled.

USDA

Develops model guidelines and standards for pet food labeling and ingredient definitions, which states can adopt into law.

AAFCO

What agencies has no regulatory authority regarding pet food, however is made up of government employees?

AAFCO

The guaranteed analysis panel on a cat food label is required to include all of the following except:

Minimum percentage of taurine

Name a preservative

Vitamin E, mixed tocopherols, and vitamin C are considered natural preservatives