Chi-Squared Test and Cohort Studies

These flashcards cover key vocabulary related to Chi-squared tests and cohort studies.

A non-parametric test used to calculate categorical data and assess associations between variables in a contingency table.

Chi-squared test (χ2)

A type of table used to organize categorical data, commonly used in the Chi-squared test.

Contingency table

Calculated as (r-1)x(c-1), where r is the number of rows and c is the number of columns in the table.

Degrees of Freedom

A measure that helps determine the significance of results in hypothesis testing; commonly used value is <0.05.

P-value

A study design where a group of disease-free individuals is followed over time to assess the association between exposure and disease.

Cohort Study

A measure of association that compares the risk of a health outcome between exposed and unexposed groups.

Relative Risk (RR)

The new cases of a disease in a population at risk divided by the total population at risk at the beginning of the time period.

Attack Rate

A statistical test used when sample sizes are small (n<30) to determine if there are nonrandom associations between two categorical variables.

Fisher's Exact Test

The hypothesis that states there is no effect or no association between exposure and disease.

Null Hypothesis (H0)

The hypothesis that states there is an effect or association between exposure and disease.

Alternative Hypothesis (HA)