Unit 8 Vocabulary AP World History Modern

Tehran Conference

was in Iran, the Allies agreed that the Soviet Union would focus on freeing Eastern Europe, while Britain and the U.S. agreed to give the Soviets some of Poland's territory since they would just give Poland some from Germany.

Yalta Conference

at a resort on the Black Sea, leaders focused on plans for reconstructing Eastern Europe and to defeat Japan

Potsdam Conference

was the final meeting among Big 3, in German, when the Cold War started

Cold War

a conflict that doesn’t involve direct military confrontation between two or more rival states

Military-indutrial complex

informal alliance between the government and largely defence contractors

Satellite countries

small states that are economically or politically dependent on a larger, more powerful state

containment

not letting communism spread father it whats the U.S. wanted to do it to Soviet Union

Truman Doctrine

a strong statement that the U.S. would do to stop the spread of communist influence

Marshall Plan

was designed to offer $12 billion in aid to help all nations of Europe

Sputnik

Soviet Union first artificial satellite that orbited around Earth, it also strated the Space Race

NATO

it pledged mutual support and cooperation within the alliance against conflicts and wars, was a defense in case of conflict with the Soviets

Warsaw Pact

where nations known as communist block combined their armed forces and based their army leaders in Moscow, it was the Soviet Union’s response to NATO

Communist bloc

nations who joined the Warsaw Pact, were Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland, Romania and the Soviet Union

Domino Theory

the idea that if one country in the region became communist, other countries would soon follow, was an idea that Pres. Johnson (U.S.) believed in

Bay of Pigs

was an invasion where the U.S. and a group of Cuban exile tried to invade Cuba and overthrow Castro but failed, it resulted in the Cuba-Soviet aliance

Great Leap Forward

a policy in China here a part of its was land reform and those who protested would be sent to “reeducation camps” or killed

Red Guards

a group of revolutionary students that seized people and sent them to the countryside for reeducation

White Revolution

were several progressive reforms that shah instituted and came without bloodshed; they recognized women’s right to vote, created a welfare system, funded literacy programs and land ownership

Muslim League

advocated for a separate nation for Indian Muslims

Organization of African Unity

was founded by …. it was created by his vision of Pan-Africanism

Ho Chi Minh

the communist leader of North Vietnam, he appealed to nationalist feelings to unite the country under a single communist government

Viet Cong

South Vietnamese who supported the Communists, fought a guerrilla war against the U.S.

Suez Crisis

a military conflict where Egypt, under Nasser, nationalized the Suez Canal, leading to an invasion of Egypt by Britain, France and Israel to regain control of the Suez Canal

Quiet Revolution

made political and social change in Quebac with the Liberal Party gaining power and reforming economic policies that led to more desires to separate Britain control of Canada

Six Day War

where Israel fought on three fronts at once and gained the Gaza Strip from Egypt, the West Bank, and East Jerusalem from Jordan, and the Golan Heights from Syria

Yom Kippur War

where Israel repelled a surprise invasion by Egypt and Syria

Camp David Accords

a peace agreement between Prime Minister Menachem Begin of Israel and President Anwar Sadat of Egypt, it was rejected

PLO

its leader, Yassex Arafar, wanted the return of occupied lands and the creation of an independent nation of Palestine

Khmer Rouge

a communist guerrilla organization, overthrew the right-wing government of Cambodia, its leader was Pol Pot

Kashmir

a border region in the mountainous north, caused a persistent tension between Pakistan and India since they both wanted it

Prague Spring

where reform movement in Czechoslovakia reached a peak, where under communist government under Alexander Dubcek attempted to implement socialism by lossensing restriction on speech, press and travel this led to a Soviet-led invasion to defeat this movement and take control

Brezhnev Doctrine

was use by the Soviet Union to justify their actions, it stated that the Soviet Union and its allies would intervene if an action by one member threatened other socialist countries

Irish Republican Army

is a part of them were Catholics they fought in the Catholic-Protestant conflict in Northern Ireland against Ulster Defence Association

Ulster Defence Association

a part of them were Protestants, they fought in the Catholic-Portestant conflict in Northern Irelland against IRA

Shining Path

a revolutionary organization built by Abimael Guzman based on the ideas of Mao Zedong and Cambodia’s Khmer Rouge (they bombed and killed, overthrew government and made it communist)

Detente

a relaxation of strained relations between nations (ex. Nixon visiting the USSR)

SALT

was signed by Nixon and Soviet Leader to freeze the number of intercontinental ballistic missiles that each power could keep

SDI

was a missile defense program declared by Reagem in U.S., was dubbed “star wars”, the system would destroy any Soviet nuclear missiles that targeted U.S. or its allies

Perestroika

attempts to restructure the Soviet economy to allow elements of free enterprise

Glasnost

the policy of opening up Soviet society and the political process by granting greater freedom