ap human geo unit 4

State

A defined territory with a permanent population and a government.

Nation

A group of people who share common cultural characteristics.

Sovereignty

The authority of a state to govern itself or another state.

Nation-state

A political entity characterized by a coinciding nation and state.

Multi-state nation

A nation that spans across multiple states.

Multi-nation state

A state that contains multiple nations within its borders.

Irredentism

A political or popular movement that seeks to reclaim and reoccupy a lost homeland.

Autonomous

Having the freedom to govern oneself or control one's own affairs.

Semi-autonomous

Partially self-governing but still under the authority of a larger entity.

Stateless Nation

A nation that does not have a state of its own.

Colonialism

The practice of acquiring full or partial control over another country and exploiting it economically.

Neocolonialism

The use of economic, political, and cultural pressures to control or influence other countries.

Territoriality

The connection of people, their culture, and their economic systems to a specific location.

Choke Point

A strategic narrow passageway that can be easily closed off.

Shatterbelt

A region caught between stronger colliding external cultural-political forces.

Ethnic Separatism

The advocacy of separation of a certain ethnic group from a larger group.

Ethnic Cleansing

The systematic removal of an ethnic or cultural group from a given territory.

Devolution

The transfer of power from a central government to local or regional administrations.

Supranational Organization

An organization that transcends national boundaries and has authority over member states.

League of Nations

An international organization founded after World War I to promote peace.

United Nations (UN)

An intergovernmental organization founded in 1945 to promote international cooperation.

North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)

A military alliance of countries from North America and Europe established in 1949.

WARSAW PACT

A military alliance of communist nations in Eastern Europe during the Cold War.

European Union (EU)

A political and economic union of member states located primarily in Europe.

The Arab League

A regional organization of Arab countries in the Middle East and North Africa.

Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)

A regional intergovernmental organization comprising ten Southeast Asian countries.

The Arctic Council

An intergovernmental forum for promoting cooperation among Arctic states.

The African Union

A continental union consisting of 55 African countries.

Self-determination

The right of a people to determine their own political status.

Imperialism

A policy of extending a country's power and influence through colonization or military force.

Establish Boundaries by

The process of defining the limits of a territory.

Define

To state the exact meaning of a term.

Delimit

To establish the limits or boundaries of something.

Demarcate

To set the boundaries or limits of something.

Administer

To manage and be responsible for the running of a business, organization, etc.

Physical

Relating to the material world and its phenomena.

Antecedent

A boundary that existed before the cultural landscape emerged.

Subsequent

A boundary that is established after the cultural landscape has developed.

Consequent

A boundary that is drawn to accommodate existing cultural differences.

Superimposed

A boundary that is imposed on the cultural landscape without regard for existing patterns.

Geometric

A boundary drawn using straight lines and geometric shapes.

Relic

A boundary that no longer functions but is still marked by some cultural landscape.

Sea boundaries

The limits of a state's territorial waters.

UNCLOS

The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, which establishes guidelines for the use of the oceans.

Territorial Seas

The waters adjacent to a state's coast, over which the state has jurisdiction.

EEZ

Exclusive Economic Zone, a sea zone prescribed by the United Nations that extends 200 nautical miles from the baseline.

Centripetal Force

A force that acts on an object moving in a circular path, directed toward the center.

Centrifugal Force

A force that acts outward on a body moving around a center.

Federal State

A political entity characterized by a union of partially self-governing states under a central government.

Unitary State

A state governed as a single entity where the central government holds supreme power.

Concurrent Powers

Powers that are shared by both the federal government and state governments.