Medical Terminology - Blood, Lymphatic, & Immune Systems
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34 Terms
What are some functions of the blood?
transport gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide)
regulation
protection from infections
What is the specialty that relates to the blood?
hematology
What are some functions of the lymphatic system?
cleaning
returning
providing a pathway
defending
immun/o
safety
hematopotesis
to create blood
What are the three types of blood cells?
erythrocytes (red blood cells)
leukocytes (white blood cells)
thrombocytes (platelets)
What are erythrocytes made out of?
hemoglobin, which is the iron part of blood
How long do RBCs live for?
120 days
What are the three stages in the RBC life cycle?
erythropoietin (red blood cells are produced)
hemosiderin (iron storage)
hemolysis (red blood cells split open)
Why is hemoglobin important?
It transports oxygen (O2) from the lungs to tissues and carries carbon dioxide (Co2) back to the lungs. Without hemoglobin, there is no red blood cell.
leukocytes
white blood cells
What are the different types of white blood cells?
Naughty (neutrophils)
Little (lymphocytes)
Monkeys (monocytes)
Eat (eosinphils)
Bananas (basophils)
Says
Grandpa (granulocytes)
Ben (basophils)
Which cells are granulocytes?
eosinphils, neutrophils, and basophils
Which cells are agranulocytes?
monocytes and lymphocytes
What is the most abundant white blood cell?
Neutrophils are the most abundant (55%). They fight bacteria.
What do eosinophils fight?
allergies
What do basophils fight?
topical allergies (ex: poison ivy)
What do monocytes fight?
viruses
What do lymphocytes fight?
cancer
What is aggutination?
when RBCs split open and clump together
What is the process in a blood clot formation?
prothrombin → thrombin → fibrinogen → fibrin
hemostasis
control of blood flow
What is serum made of?
plasma
Which is lighter: plasma or serum?
Serum is lighter because it lacks clotting proteins.
What are the four types of blood?
Type A, B, AB, and O
What type of blood is the universal donor?
Type O (most common)
What type of blood is the universal receiver?
Type AB
Can a negative blood type receive a positive blood type?
No, they can only give to a positive blood type.
What is the purpose of an antibody?
It is the body’s way of remembering to fight infections.
What do cytokines do?
provide an immune response
What are the levels of defense?
first line (nonspecific)
second line (nonspecific)
third line (specific)
What does first line of defense consists of?
mechanical barriers, such as the skin, muscles, and tears
What does second line of defense consists of?
pyrexia
What does third line of defense consists of?
antibody response (T cells and B cells)