Unit 4: Global Citizenship

Flashcards reviewing key concepts from Global Citizenship lecture notes.

Define 'Standard of Living'.

Level of material comfort as measured by the goods, services, and luxuries available.

Define 'Quality of Life'.

The degree of enjoyment and satisfaction experienced in everyday life, including standard of living and non-material aspects like freedom and health care.

What three factors measure the Human Development Index (HDI)?

Life expectancy, education, and standard of living.

What does the Human Freedom Index (HFI) measure?

The absence of coercive constraint, considering personal and economic freedoms.

Name three areas measured by the Human Freedom Index.

Rule of law, security and safety, movement, religion, association, expression, size of government, legal system, sound money, trade, and regulation.

What does the Canadian Index of Wellbeing (CIW) measure?

The relationship between social, health, economic, and environmental issues.

What are the four pillars of Gross National Happiness?

Sustainable economic development, environmental conservation, cultural promotion, and good governance.

What is the main function of the Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA)?

Distributing Canada's official foreign aid, providing emergency relief, and improving the quality of life in developing countries.

What is a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO)?

A private charitable organization that provides international aid, promotes equality, protects the environment, or promotes community development.

What is a Grassroots organization?

Organizations that operate directly in developing countries to fund and run development projects at the local level.

What is an Intergovernmental Organization (IGO)?

An international institution made up of independent countries working cooperatively for a common purpose (e.g., the United Nations).

Name three causes of hunger.

Disasters, war, and disease.

What is a possible solution to world hunger?

Foreign aid, long-term investment, and aid in conflict zones.

Define 'Universality' in the context of human rights.

Applicable to all persons or things in the world.

Define 'Ratified'.

To confirm or accept an agreement by formal consent.

Define 'Genocide'.

The mass extermination of human beings.

What is the significance of the UN's Declaration of Human Rights?

Sets global standards for human rights and applies moral and diplomatic pressure on governments.

What is a 'Prisoner of Conscience?'

A person imprisoned for holding political or religious beliefs that the state does not tolerate.

What is meant by 'Authoritarian'?

Enforcing strict obedience to authority, limiting individual freedom.

When was the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms established?

April 17, 1982.

List four characteristics of Children’s Rights.

Universal, inherent, inalienable, unconditional, indivisible.

According to the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, how is a child defined?

A human being below the age of 18, unless national laws recognize an earlier age of majority.

What are four general principles of the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child?

Non-discrimination, best interests, survival and development, and participation.

Explain the impact of war on children.

Recruitment as soldiers, injury, displacement, and refuge in camps.

Define 'Civilian'.

A citizen who is not a member of a country’s military force.

Define 'Refugee'.

A person who flees from their home to escape to another country.

Define 'Internally Displaced Person (IDP)'.

People who escape conflict within their own home country.

Why do some companies employ children in developing countries?

Lower wages, inability to protest unsafe conditions, and ease of exploitation.

What are some challenges related to Gender Equality?

Low-paying jobs with long hours, difficult working conditions, and undervalued unpaid labour in the home.

Define 'Advocacy'.

Active support for a cause or position.

Define 'Grassroots organization'.

A community-based organization working on local projects.

Define 'Migrant workers'.

A person who leaves his or her family and country to find work.

Define 'Entrepreneur'.

A person who sets up or finances a business or industry to make a profit.

Define 'Transnational community'.

A cultural community that maintains political, social, cultural, and economic links between its homeland and its adopted land.

Define 'Genetically Modified Food'.

Food that has been changed through the manipulation of its genetic material.

What was the Green Revolution?

A period when traditional farming practices were replaced by technologies that increased agricultural production.

Define 'Pandemic'.

An epidemic occurring over a large geographic area that affects vast numbers of people and challenges society.