Chemistry - Gas Laws

pressure:

force per unit area on a surface

how to increase pressure in a container

increase temp

how to increase pressure in a container

decrease volume

movement of gases

high to low pressure

barometers:

measures atmospheric pressure

manometer:

measures pressure in a closed container

units of pressure

mm Hg

units of pressure

atmospheres (atm)

units of pressure

torr

units of pressure

kilopascals (kPa)

standard temprature

0C or 273.15K

main unit of temprature

kelvin

whats constant on boyle’s law

temprature

what is constant in Charles law

pressure

what is constant in gay-lussacs law

volume

boyles law equation

p1v1=p2v2

charles law equation

v1/t1=v2/t2

gay-lussacs law equation

p1/t1=p2/t2

combined gas law equation

p1v1/t1=p2v2/t2

partial pressure:

pressure of each gas in a mixture of gases

daltons law of partial pressures

the total pressure of a mixture of gases is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of each gas

daltons law of partial pressures equation

pt=p1+p2+p3+…

at stp, what is the volume of one mole of a gas

v=nrt/p

avogadros law

equal volumes of gases at the same temp and pressure contain equal numbers of molecules (constant)

avogadros law equation

v1/n1=v2/n2

grahams law of effusion

for two gases, a and b at the same temp

grahams law of effusion equation

1/2mAvA²=1/2mBvB²

grahams law

velocity (rate) is indirectly proportional to time

grahams law equation

vA/vB=tB/tA=(MMB/MMA)^1/2

symbol for moles

n

units for mole

1 mol

symbol for temprature

T

units for temprature

273.15 K

symbol for volume

V

units for volume

mL and L

symbol for pressure

P

the units for pressure

1 atm = 760 mm Hg = 760 torr = 101.325 kPa

symbol for gas constant

R

units for gas constant

0.0821 L atm/mol K = 62.4 L mm Hg/mol K