AQA Biology GCSE Topic 2: Organisation

A set of flashcards to help students review key concepts from the AQA Biology GCSE topic on Organisation.

What is a tissue in biological terms?

A tissue is a group of specialized cells with a similar structure and function.

What role do organs serve in the body?

Organs are formed from different tissues working together to produce a specific function.

What organ is part of the digestive system that produces hydrochloric acid?

The stomach.

Which enzymes break down carbohydrates?

Carbohydrases.

What is the Lock and Key Hypothesis?

It explains how enzymes work by stating that the shape of the substrate is complementary to the shape of the active site.

At what temperature do most enzymes work optimally?

Around 37 degrees Celsius.

What is bile's function in digestion?

Bile neutralizes hydrochloric acid and emulsifies fats.

What process does the heart use to pump blood around the body?

A double circulatory system.

What are the three types of blood vessels?

Arteries, veins, and capillaries.

What are the components of blood?

Plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.

What condition occurs when coronary arteries become blocked?

Coronary heart disease.

What is the main difference between communicable and non-communicable diseases?

Communicable diseases are infectious and can be spread from person to person, while non-communicable diseases are not infectious.

What is the role of guard cells in plants?

They control the opening and closing of stomata to manage gas exchange and water loss.

What is translocation in plants?

The movement of food substances through the phloem from leaves to other parts of the plant.

What does the term 'denatured' refer to regarding enzymes?

It refers to the change in shape of an enzyme's active site, preventing substrate binding.

What is photosynthesis primarily carried out by in plants?

Chloroplasts in the palisade mesophyll tissue.

What is a benign tumor?

A growth of cells contained in one place that does not invade other tissues.

What is an example of a test for the presence of sugars?

Benedict’s test, which turns brick red.

What is the function of platelets in blood?

They help form blood clots at the site of a wound.