Chapter 11: In class notes ( Review)

These flashcards cover key concepts and definitions related to the taxonomy and characteristics of various bacterial groups.

Proteobacteriae

A major phylum of Gram-negative bacteria.

Acetobacter

An alphaproteobacteria associated with food spoilage.

Spirillum

A spiral-shaped, motile betaproteobacteria with a conventional flagellum.

Pseudomonas

A gammaproteobacteria known for antibiotic resistance and hospital outbreaks.

Proteus

A genus of Enterobacteriales known for its swarming behavior.

Helicobacter

Bacteria associated with stomach ulcers.

Chlamydiae

Not a disease-causing spirochaete bacteria.

Staphylococcus

A Gram-positive bacteria associated with food poisoning toxins.

Alphaproteobacteria

Bacteria that often live in low-nutrient environments, including nitrogen-fixers and intracellular pathogens.

Betaproteobacteria

Bacteria that prefer nutrient-rich environments, some of which are human pathogens like Neisseria and Bordetella.

Gammaproteobacteria

A diverse group, including many common human pathogens such as E. coli and Salmonella.

Deltaproteobacteria

Environmental bacteria that reduce sulfur or prey on other bacteria.

Epsilonproteobacteria

Bacteria that thrive in low-oxygen environments, including Helicobacter and Campylobacter.

Planctomycetes

Aquatic bacteria characterized by unique internal compartments and budding reproduction.

Chlamydias

Tiny bacteria that live inside host cells and cause diseases.

Bacteroidetes

Common gut bacteria that aid in food digestion.

Cytophaga

Gliding bacteria capable of breaking down tough materials like cellulose.

Fusobacteria

Anaerobic bacteria often found in the mouth and linked to infections.

Spirochetes

Spiral-shaped bacteria with internal flagella aiding in movement through fluids.

Firmicutes

Gram-positive bacteria, many capable of forming endospores.

Tenericutes

Wall-less bacteria like Mycoplasma, typically residing inside animals.

Actinobacteria

Gram-positive bacteria producing antibiotics, including Streptomyces and pathogens like Mycobacterium.

Photosynthesis

Purple and green bacteria perform anoxygenic photosynthesis, while cyanobacteria perform oxygenic photosynthesis.

Axial filament

Structure in spirochetes that allows twisting movement.

Enterococcus

Genus more closely related to Lactobacillus than to Staphylococcus.

Antibiotics

Most commercially important antibiotics are produced by Actinobacteria, particularly Streptomyces.