Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology

Vocabulary flashcards derived from the lecture notes on Human Anatomy and Physiology, covering key terms related to the skeletal system, particularly the shoulder girdle and upper limbs.

Xiphoid process

The small, cartilaginous protrusion at the bottom of the sternum.

Scapula

The shoulder blade; a bone of the shoulder girdle.

Glenoid cavity

A shallow socket in the scapula that receives the head of the humerus.

Acromion process

The enlarged lateral end of the spine of the scapula.

Humerus

The bone of the upper arm that articulates with the scapula at the shoulder.

Radial tuberosity

The bony prominence on the radius where the biceps tendon attaches.

Olecranon process

The bony prominence of the ulna at the elbow.

Trochlea

The spool-shaped structure at the distal end of the humerus that articulates with the ulna.

Metacarpals

The five bones of the hand, numbered 1 to 5 from thumb to little finger.

Phalanges

The bones of the fingers; each finger has three except the thumb, which has two.

Clavicular notch

The notch where the clavicle meets the sternum.

True ribs

Ribs 1-7 that are directly attached to the sternum.

False ribs

Ribs 8-12 that do not attach directly to the sternum.

Xiphoid process

The small, cartilaginous protrusion at the bottom of the sternum.

Coracoid process

A beaklike process of the scapula that serves as an anchor for muscles.

Humerus

The bone of the upper arm that articulates with the scapula at the shoulder.

Radial tuberosity

The bony prominence on the radius where the biceps tendon attaches.

Olecranon process

The bony prominence of the ulna at the elbow.

Trochlea

The spool-shaped structure at the distal end of the humerus that articulates with the ulna.

Metacarpals

The five bones of the hand, numbered 1 to 5 from thumb to little finger.

Phalanges

The bones of the fingers; each finger has three except the thumb, which has two.

Manubrium

The superior part of the sternum, articulating with the clavicles and first pair of ribs.

Floating ribs

Ribs 11 and 12 that do not articulate with the sternum or costal cartilage anteriorly.

Carpals

The eight bones of the wrist, arranged in two rows.

Radius

The lateral bone of the forearm, extending from the elbow to the thumb side of the wrist.

Ulna

The medial bone of the forearm, extending from the elbow to the little finger side of the wrist.