Sympathetic Pharmacology
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32 Terms
In sympathomimetic drugs, what are the naturally occurring catecholamines?
epinephrine and dopamine
In sympathomimetic drugs, what is the synthetic catecholamines?
dobutamine
What receptors does epinephrine act on?
a1, a2, B1, B2
What receptors does dopamine act on?
high dose: a1
intermediate dose: B1
low dose: dopaminergic
What receptors does dobutamine act on?
B1
In sympathomimetic drugs, what are the non-catechol amines?
ephedrine, phenylephrine, phenylpropanolamine
What receptors does phenylephrine act on?
a1
What receptors does phenylpropanolamine act on?
a2
In sympathomimetic drugs, what are is the selective B2 drug?
albuterol
What receptors does albuterol act on?
B2
In sympatholytic drugs, what are the beta blocking drugs?
propranolol and atenolol
In sympatholytic drugs, what are the alpha blocking drug?
phenoxybenzamine, tolazoline, prazosin
What receptors does propranolol act on?
B1 and B2
What receptors does atenolol act on?
B1
What receptors does phenoxybenzamine act on?
a1 and a2
What receptors does tolazoline act on?
a1 and a2
What receptors does prazosin act on?
a1
What are the alpha 2 agonist drugs?
xylazine, detomindine, romifidine, medetomidine, and dexmedotomidine
What are the alpha 2 antagonist drugs?
yohimbine, tolazoline, and atipamezole
What alpha 2 drugs can be used on dogs?
xylazine, medetomidine, dexmedetomidine
What alpha 2 drugs can be used on cats?
xylazine and dexemedetomidine
What alpha 2 drugs can be used on horses?
xylazine, detomidine, romifidine
What alpha 2 drugs can be used on ruminants?
xylazine and detomidine
What is the reversal for xylazine in dogs, horses, and cats?
yohimbine
What is the reversal for xylazine in ruminants?
tolazoline
What is the reversal drug for dexmedetomidine and medetomidine?
atipamezole
What do a1 receptors act on?
bladder, gut, liver, eye, blood vessels, sphincters; smooth m. contraction, pupil dilation, urinary sphincter contraction
What do a2 receptors act on?
pancreas, platelets, blood vessels
What is the function of presynaptic a2 receptors?
decreases further release of norepinephrine
What is the function of postsynaptic a2 receptors?
increase platelet aggregation, increase systemic vasoconstriction, and decrease CNS sympathetic tone
What do B1 receptors act on?
heart and kidney for chronotropic, dromotropic, inotropic
What do B2 receptors act on?
lungs