Electromagnetics

what are physical properties of diathermy

application of electromagnetic waves

what wave is the most common in diathermy

short wave

types of diathermy

PSWD, CSWD, MWD

what does diathermy do

absorbs e by tissues = heating(heat deeper tissues)

what does diathermy mean

through heating

diathermy parameters

3 shortwave freq bands(13.56,27.12, 40.68

microwave - 2450 MHz

cont or puls

capacitative method of diathermy(electric field method)

makes pts tissue part dialectric of capcitor

subcut fatty tissue heat more than m

1-3 in awat from skin

contraplanar/coplanar set up

inductive method of diathermy

eddy currents produced in tissues w lowest impedance

drum/sleeve applicators

monode/diplode drums

pulsed electromagnetic fields

deliver low intensity electromagnetic waves that dont heat tissue(like US)

clinical application of diathermy

consider indications. contraindications, adv/disadv

select proper dose

Stages and their injury stage match up

a dose 1 for what

b dose 4 for what

c dose 2 for what

d dose 3 for what

a acute injury

b chronic injury

c subacute injury

d late subacute

types of applicators

inductive coils, capactive plates, magnetron

what are inductive coils and capactive plates used for

SWD

what is used for MWD

magnetron

what happens in the capacitive method

makes tissues part dielectric of capcitor and subcut fat tissue heat> muscle

what is high dielectric constant for

muscle and skin

what is low dielectric constant for

fat and bone

what happens in inductive method

eddy current made in tissues low impedance

monode/diplode drums(treatment surface keeps inductive coil away from skin)

MMD(microwave)

perp to skin surface

lees penetration than SWD

uncommon in USA

PSWD is good for

decrease thermal impact by interrupting treatment cycle

whats good about todays diathermy devices

pulsed or cont

easy set up

portable

inductive sleeves

physiological effects of diathermy

deeper heating

larger area treated

not need constant attention

physiological effects for pain

analgestic effects of heat - SWD better

possible nonthermal mech for pain relief

physiological effect for tissue healing

promotes soft tissue and bone healing

physical properties are

temperature determined by

-field intensity, tissue type, duty cycle, distance from pt

clinical applications

consider indications/contraindications/adv/disadv

selection dosage

duration/freq

documentation

thermal clinical applications

pain control

accel tissue healing

decreased jt stiffness

increased jt ROM

nonthermal clinical applications

control pain and edema

soft tissue, nerve, bone healing

improvement osteoarthrisits symptoms

indications of diathermy

most are same as thermotherapy

greater depth heating than superficial modalities, larger area than US

m spasms, stiffness jts

mild heating for inflammatory conditions

PEMF superficial wound and bone healign

contraindications of thermal

metal

malignancy

eyes

testes

growing epiphyses

contraindications of nonthermal

deep tissue/int organs

substitute conventional therapy for edema and pain

pacemakers, electronic devices, metal implants

all precautions

near electronic/magnetic equipment

obesity

copper bearing IUD

precautions nonthermal

pregnancy

skeletal immaturity

application technique

evaluate the pt

determine appropriateness and safety

select device

prepare pt

application technique

tune device

select treatment parameters

turn machine

assess at 5min for ADR

document

documentation

area treated

freq range

avg power or power setting

pulse rate

treatment duration

type of applicator

pt position and distance from applicator

response to innervation

diathermy against US

d is for tissues w high fluid content, large areas (m)