TSA Prep Presentation

Stocking supplies

making sure that all the needed items are available and put it in the right place, usually involving

• checking what it is missing

• getting more of those items

• organizing them neatly so they are easy to find and use

Daily tasks beginning of the day

• Calibrate machines and devices

• Check fridge/freezer temps

• Check voicemails

• Stock and clean rooms

• Prep rooms, charts depending on schedule

• Log into computer

• Check emails

Daily tasks ending of the day

• sterilize instruments

• clean and disinfect surfaces

• dispose items in correct containers

  • bio - contaminated w/ blood, bodily fluids, gauze, bandages, etc

  • sharps - syringes, needles, lancets, anything sharp

  • trash - anything not bloody, sharp, or dangerous

daily task before, during, after every pt

• change the table paper

• clean the room

• sanitize hands

• restock supplies (if applicable)

• prep chart and very pt info, making updates when needed

Triage

• Chief complaint

• Medications

• Allergies

• Family history

• Medical history

• Social history

Chief complaint SOAP

• Purpose of appt

• Onset of issue, pain level

• What makes it better/worse?

• Had this problem before?

Medications SOAP

• Name

• Dose

• Directions of use

Allergies SOAP

• Name

• Reaction

• Severity

Family history SOAP

• Mom, dad, brother, sister, etc

• Diagnosis and age

Medical history SOAP

• Medical diagnosis

Social history SOAP

• Occupation

• Alcohol

• Smoking

• Exercise

• Living Situation

Mayo stand

helps keep everything clean and close to the MA or doctor

Biohazard bin

used to throw away things that have touched blood or bodily fluids, like gloves or gauze

Sharps Container

special hard container used to safely throw away needles, lancets, or anything sharp

Stethoscope

used to listen to sounds inside the body, like the heartbeat or breathing

Blood pressure (BP) cuff

used to measure a pt’s blood pressure

Thermometer

measures body temperature

Precertification

Verification that the service is medically necessary and covered

• Before scheduling MRI/surgery, the MA may call the insurance to get this to make sure the service is included or covered in the pt’s policy

Prior Authorization

requesting an approval for payment, the insurer agreed to pay for the service if authorization is granted

• may need to submit clinical documentation to get prior authorization for a specialty medication or procedure

Hygiene

• Nails - short, clean, trimmed, no fake nails or polish; wash under nails

• Hand washing - wash for at least 20 secs often (most important way to stop the spread of germs)

• Hair - clean, pulled back if long, don’t let hair touch pts or equipment, avoid strong-smelling products

• Shoes - closed-toe, non-slip, clean, comfortable shoes; no sandals or open shoes

Workman’s compensation

gives benefits to employees who are injured on the job

Medicare

federal health insurance program for 65+ yo or those with certain disabilities

Medicaid

state program that helps with medical costs for individuals with low income

Tricare

health coverage for military service members and their families

Birthday rule

states that the parent whose birthday falls earlier in the calendar year will have their insurance plan

Premium

amount you pay for your health insurance every month, regardless of the medical services used or not

Deductible

amount you must pay out-of-pocket for healthcare services before your insurance starts to pay

Copayment (copay)

fixed amount you pay for a covered healthcare service at the time of receiving the service, rest is covered by insurance

Coinsurance

percentage of costs you pay for covered services after you have met your deductible

Out-of-pocket

healthcare providers (doctors, hospitals, specialists) have a contract with a specific insurance company to offer services at a pre-negotiated, lower rate

Primary insurance

pays for covered services up to its limit

Secondary insurance

after the primary insurer pays, the secondary insurance may cover additional costs that the primary insurance didn’t pay, depending on the policy

ICD-10 codes

used to describe and identify diseases, illnesses, and other health conditions

CPT codes

used to describe the medical procedures and services provided to pts

HCPC Codes

used for medical supplies, equipment, and other services not covered by CPT codes

Insurance & Insurance card

• pt will be asked to show their ID and insurance card at registration —> helps verify pt’s identity and make sure their insurance covers the visit

• verify pts spelling of last name and dob

HIPAA

law that protects the privacy of pts’ personal health information

• MA explains to pt how their info will be kept confidential and only authorized people will have access to it, may ask pt to sign form acknowledging privacy protection

Pt rights

pt will be informed about their rights under HIPAA and the clinic’s policies and may be asked to sign a document showing they understand their rights

• can include the right to receive quality care, ask questions about tx, make decisions about their health care,

Matrix

a structured framework or grid used to organize and manage appt times in a medical office or clinic, helps determine which time slots are available for pt appts, ensuring efficient use of doctor’s time

Modified wave scheduling

similar to wave scheduling, but with specific time slots for pts

• ex: three pts are scheduled at the top of the hour, but are seen in order based on arrival

Single booking

when each pt is scheduled for a specific time slot, and only one pt is seen at that time; most common and straightforward method

Double booking

when two pts are scheduled for the same time slot, often used when one pt may take a longer time than expected and the second pt is prepared to wait

Wave scheduling

several pts (3-4) are scheduled to come in during the first half of the hour and the provider sees them in the order they arrive

• works well for clinics that respect some pts to be late or unpredictable wait time

Stream scheduling

assigns specific time slots for each patient based on the type of appt

• ex: physical exam=30mins, f/u=15mins

Cluster scheduling

similar types of appts are grouped together during certain times of the day

• ex: all physical exams could be scheduled in the morning, and f/u in afternoon

Walk-in scheduling

pts can call in and choose from available time slots on a first-come, first-serve basis; flexible but can sometimes lead to gaps in the schedule if pts don’t show up

SOAP note

• S - Subjective, what the pt tells you, description of their sx’s or concerns, pain

• O - Objective, measurable data (vitals), physical findings

• A - Assessment, review of systems (ROS), explain what might be the etiology based on subjective and objective info

• P - Plan, provider's next steps for pt (meds, tests, tx, f/u)

H

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act

HIPAA security rule was enacted in 1996, pt info is not shared without permission

Password

used to protect pt information and ensure that only authorized people can access sensitive data because pt privacy must be kept safe according to laws like HIPAA

• recommended to change regularly (60-90 days) to reduce the risk of someone else gaining unauthorized access to the system

Malfeasance

performing a lawful duty in an illegal or improper manner

• ex: MA administering the wrong medication

Malpractice

occurs when a medical professional fails to perform their duties according to established standards of care, resulting in harm to a pt

Misdemeanor

minor legal offense

• ex: MA mishandling pt records unintentionally

Negligence

when a MA fails to provide the expected level of care, leading to pt harm

• ex: forgetting to sterilize equipment

Abuse

mistreating a pt, whether physical, emotional, or verbal

• ex: MA yelling at a pt or not providing proper care

Battery

unlawful physical contact with a pt without consent

• MA performing a procedure without proper permission

6 Rights

• right patient

• right medication

• right dose

• right route

• right time

• right documentation

right patient

make sure you are giving the medication to the correct person, ALWAYS check the pt’s name and other identifiers (DOB, last 4 digits of social..)

right medication

verify that the medication you’re giving is the correct one, verify THREE times

• check the doctor’s order or prescription and compare it with the label on the medication

right dose

ensure the dosage of the medication is correct according to the prescription, double-check the amount/strength of the medication

right route

confirm the method by which the medication should be given (oral, injection, top, etc), make sure you give the medication using the correct route specified by the doctor

right time

administer the medication at the correct time and according to the prescribed schedule

• includes checking if the medication needs to be given with food or at specific times during the day

right documentation

after giving the medication, document it correctly in the pt’s records

• includes medication name, dose, route, time, and any other relevant info

medication calculation

desired dose (what the doctor ordered) / have (what is available) = amount to give

Medication label

• name of medication - brand name (company name), generic name (drug name)

• dosage strength

• form of the medication

• route

• directions for use

• quantity

• expiration date

Wait times

15-20 minutes

• make sure there are no allergic reactions

Intramuscular Injection Angle

90-degree angle

Subcutaneous Injection Angle

45-degree angle

Intradermal Injection Angle

10-15 degree angle

5/8 inch needle size

used for shallow injections, like SQ (just under the skin)

1 inch needle size

used for deeper injections like IM in people with less body fat

1 ½ inch needle size

used for deep IMs, usually in the hip or glute area and for people with more body fat

21 gauge needle

used for thicker medications or when a fast injection is needed

22 gauge needle

common for most IM injections, like vaccines or vitamins

25 gauge needle

used for smaller or more sensitive injections like ID (just into the top layer of skin) or SQ (like insulin)

Capillary sticks

• Puncture site - adult: fingers, infant:heel

• “Milking” the finger

• Lancet depth - 2 to 4 mm

Straight venipuncture

drawing blood from healthy adult veins (like in the arm)

Butterfly/winged venipuncture

used when drawing blood from small veins especially in:

• children

• elderly

• people with hard-to-find veins

Syringe venipuncture

used when veins are fragile or you need more control over how fast you pull the blood

Tourniquet

• Length - no longer than 60 secs

• Location - 3 to 4 inches above poke site

• Material - latex, BP cuff

CLIA

Clinical laboratory improvement amendments

EKG

electrocardiogram

EKG Paper

• squares - 25 squares

• magnification - 10 mm

• speed - 25 mm/second

• tracing - the heat from a stylus melts the coating of the paper

Precordial leads

• V1 - 4th ICS to the sternum’s right

• V2 - 4th ICS to the sternum’s left

• V3 - midway allying leads V2 and V4

• V4 - 5th ICS in the midclavicular line

• V5 - anterior axillary line (same lvl as V4)

• V6 - placed at the axillary line (same lvl as V4 and V5)

Extremities Lead Placements

• RA - Right forearm or near the collarbone

• LA - Left forearm or near the collarbone

• RL - right calf or hip

• LL - left calf or hip

Prefix

group of letters added to the beginning of a word to change its meaning

Suffix

group of letters added to the end of a word to change its meaning or part of speech

Word root

basic part of a word that gives it its main meaning

brady-

slow

-sclerosis

narrowing, hardening

-ase

enzyme

-sepsis

infection

macro-

large

-tomy

surgical procedure, cutting

-emia

blood condition

-ologist

study of

-cyle

cell

neur/o-

nerve

cardi/o-

heart

post-

before