B3 - Movement in and out of cells

Osmosis

Movement of water down a water potential across a semi permeable membrane

Diffusion

the net movement down a concentration gradient as a result of their random movement

Factors that affect diffusion

limited to surface area, temperature, concentration gradients and distance

Turgid

When a plant cell has lots of water and its cytoplasm is pressed against the cell wall. Plant stands up straight

turgor pressure

Pressure inside the cell caused by the cell membrane pushing against the cell wall

plasmolysis

when the cell loses turgid pressure

flaccid

when the cytoplasm loses water it shrinks and the cell membrane detached from the cell wall

explodes

When red blood cells are placed in a dilute salt solution

shrinks

when a red blood cell is placed in a concentrated salt solution

Concentrated salt solution

contain little amounts of water

dilute water solution

contain lots of water

high water potential

low solute concentration

low water potential

high solute concentration

lysis

The bursting of an animal cell due to being placed in a hypotonic solution

active transport

Energy-requiring process that moves material across a cell membrane against a concentration difference

concentration gradient

difference in the concentration of a substance from one location to another

Moving against the concentration gradient

moving from low to high concentration

Moving up the concentration gradient

moving from low to high concentration

Moving down a concentration gradient

moving from high to low concentration