CH29 Physical activity and mobility

Active range of motion AROM

Is movement of the joint performed by individual WITHOUT assistance

Passive range of motion PROM

Involves moving joints through their ROM when the patient can’t do it themselves

Good body mechanics include

Wide base of support, chest high, tight abdominal muscles

To maintain proper posture, it is important to…

Avoid arching shoulders forward when sitting

Isometric exercise

Involves muscle contraction without motion, ex pressing the hand against a wall

Isotonic exercise

Involves movement of the joint during muscle contraction, push ups and planks

Isokinetic exercise

Performed with specialized apparatuses that provide variable resistance to movement

Aerobic exercise

Occurs when the amount of oxygen taken into the body meets or exceeds the amount of oxygen required to perform the activity, jogging or cycling

Anaerobic exercise

Occurs when the amounts of oxygen taken into the body does NOT meet the amount of oxygen required to preform the activity, lifting heavy weights or sprinting

Risks for exercise

Cardiac injury, musculoskeletal injury,dehydration

Benefits of exercise

Lower risk for early death, heart disease, stroke, diabetes

Factors affecting mobility and activity

Developmental stage, nutrition, lifestyle, environmental factors

What is the most common type of degenerative disease limiting a persons ability to perform activity

Osteoarthritis

A type of inflammatory disease caused by high levels of uric acid in the blood resulting in severe pain

Gout

Of the following interventions for a client who is immobile the nurse will give priority to

Having the client use the incentive spirometer q 2 hrs

How often do clients require change of position

Every 2 hours

Head of the bed is elevated 45 to 60 degrees

Fowler

Is a side lying position with the top hop and knee flexed and placed in front of body

Lateral

Pt lies on their abdomen with head turned to one side

Prone

Is a semi prone position where the lower arm is positioned behind the patient and upper arm is flexed

Sims

Pt lies on their back with head and shoulders elevated on a small pillow

Supine or dorsal recumbent position

The tripod is the basic crutch standing position

True