Urology and Male Reproductive System Vocabulary

Vocabulary flashcards covering essential terms related to the urinary and male reproductive systems.

Adrenal glands

Glándulas suprarrenales

Anuria

Complete absence or severe suppression of urine production.

Bladder

Muscular sac in the pelvis that stores urine prior to elimination.

Burning (dysuria)

Painful or stinging sensation felt while urinating.

Chlamydia

Common bacterial sexually transmitted infection caused by Chlamydia trachomatis.

Climacteric

Phase marking the end of reproductive capacity; in women, menopause, and in men, andropause.

Cloudy urine

Urine that appears turbid or milky, often indicating infection or crystalluria.

Cystitis

Inflammation or infection of the urinary bladder.

Cystoscopy

Endoscopic procedure to visualize the interior of the bladder and urethra.

Dialysis

Medical process that filters waste and excess fluid from the blood when kidneys fail.

Discharge

Fluid, pus, or other material excreted from the body, commonly from the genitals in infection.

Ejaculation

Forceful expulsion of semen from the penis.

Ejaculatory duct

Short duct through which semen enters the prostatic urethra; formed by the union of the vas deferens and seminal vesicle duct.

Enlarged prostate

Non-cancerous growth of the prostate (benign prostatic hyperplasia) that can obstruct urine flow.

Epididymitis

Inflammation of the epididymis, typically causing scrotal pain and swelling.

Erectile dysfunction

Inability to achieve or maintain an erection sufficient for satisfactory sexual activity.

Erection

Hardening and enlargement of the penis caused by increased blood flow into erectile tissue.

Foley catheter

Flexible tube inserted through the urethra into the bladder for continuous urinary drainage.

Foreskin

Retractable fold of skin that covers and protects the glans of the penis.

Fungus

Spore-producing organism such as yeast or mold; can cause infections of skin or mucous membranes.

Genital infection

Any infectious condition affecting the reproductive organs.

Glans

Rounded, highly sensitive tip of the penis (also called the glans penis).

Gonorrhea

Sexually transmitted infection caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae bacteria.

Herpes

Viral STI caused by herpes simplex virus (HSV-1 or HSV-2) producing painful blisters.

Intravenous pyelography (IVP)

X-ray imaging of kidneys, ureters, and bladder after intravenous contrast injection.

Impotence

Older term for erectile dysfunction—the inability to obtain or keep an erection.

Incontinence

Involuntary leakage or loss of bladder control.

Kidney

Bean-shaped organ that filters blood, removes wastes, and forms urine.

Kidney failure

Loss of kidney function to the point where waste products accumulate in the blood.

Kidney stones

Hard mineral deposits that form in the kidneys and can obstruct urine flow.

Lithotripsy

Non-invasive procedure that uses shock waves to break kidney stones into smaller fragments.

Pain on urination

Discomfort or burning sensation while passing urine; dysuria.

Penile implant

Surgically placed device that allows a man with erectile dysfunction to achieve an erection.

Penis

External male reproductive organ that also conveys urine through the urethra.

Prostate

Walnut-sized gland located below the bladder that produces a component of seminal fluid.

Prostatectomy

Surgical removal of part or all of the prostate gland; may be radical or simple.

Renal arteries

Blood vessels that carry oxygenated blood from the aorta to the kidneys.

Renal vein

Blood vessel that returns filtered blood from the kidney to the inferior vena cava.

Retention

Inability to empty the bladder completely or at all.

Sexually transmitted disease (STD)

Any infection primarily spread through sexual contact, including viruses, bacteria, and parasites.

Scrotum

Pouch of skin and muscle that houses and regulates temperature of the testicles.

Semen

Whitish fluid containing sperm and glandular secretions ejaculated from the penis.

Seminal vesicle

Gland that produces fructose-rich fluid making up a major portion of semen.

Sperm

Male reproductive cells capable of fertilizing an ovum.

Sperm count

Measurement of the number of sperm cells present in a milliliter of semen.

Spermatic cord

Bundle containing the vas deferens, blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatics supplying the testicle.

Syphilis

Sexually transmitted infection caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum.

Testicle

Male gonad that produces sperm and testosterone; also called testis.

Testosterone

Primary male sex hormone responsible for male secondary sexual characteristics and libido.

Ultrasound

Imaging technique using high-frequency sound waves to create pictures of internal organs or tissues.

Urea

Nitrogenous waste product of protein metabolism excreted in urine.

Ureter

Muscular tube that transports urine from the kidney to the bladder.

Urethra

Canal that conveys urine—and in males, semen—from the bladder to the outside of the body.

Urinalysis

Laboratory examination of urine to detect diseases, infections, or metabolic disorders.

Urine

Liquid waste produced by the kidneys and stored in the bladder for excretion.

Urogenital

Relating to or involving both the urinary and reproductive organs.