Chapter 8: Energy, Metabolism and Enzymes

These flashcards cover key concepts in energy, metabolism, and enzymes.

Energy

The capacity to do work or put matter in motion.

Kinetic Energy

Energy of motion; example: a moving jogger.

Potential Energy

Stored energy; example: energy stored in chemical bonds.

Chemical Energy

Energy stored in the bonds of chemical compounds.

Mechanical Energy

Energy associated with the motion or position of an object.

First Law of Thermodynamics

Also known as the Law of Conservation of Energy; states that energy is never created nor destroyed, but changes forms.

Second Law of Thermodynamics

Also known as the Law of Entropy; states that the amount of useful energy decreases as energy is converted from one form to another.

Free Energy (G)

The amount of energy available to do useful work.

Activation Energy

The minimum amount of energy needed for a reaction to occur.

Exergonic Reactions

Reactions that release energy and increase entropy.

Endergonic Reactions

Reactions that absorb energy and decrease entropy.

Coupled Reactions

A process where exergonic reactions provide the activation energy for endergonic reactions.

Entropy

The measure of disorder or randomness in a system.

Catabolic Reactions

Metabolic processes that break down molecules, releasing energy.

Anabolic Reactions

Metabolic processes that build molecules, requiring energy.