abnormal psych yay!

psych disorders

behavior patterns or mental processes that affect serious personal suffering, interfere with people’s ability to cop with everyday life

causes of psych disorders

different schoolings can create different meanings or perspectives of psych disorders

biopsychosocial model

psychology problems that are combo of 3: physical health, social/coping skills and peers/relationships

medical model

AP(psychiatry)A has a reliable tool for diagnoses DSM-S-TR with diagnostic criteria

symptoms of psych disorders

1. typicality

2. maladaptivity

3. emotional discomfort

4. socially unnacceptable behavior

typicality

is it average behavior?

maladaptivity

behavior impairs the individual’s ability to fucntion everyday

emot discomfort

feelings of extreme helplessness/hopelessness, sadness and guilt

soci unacceptable behavior

behaviors that violate socially acceptable norms, how to question behaviors, don’t need to use most books

age group commonality

younger you are the more susceptable to disorders

neuro development disorders

occurs as a personal development caused by the environment, physiologically, or genetically

ADHD is

attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

ADHD is defined as

common in childhood, maladaptive symptoms: inattentive, hyper-active compulses, symptoms are hard to engage with/difficulty in society

ASD is

autism spectrum disorder

ASD is defined as

genetic condition(diff in the brain), multiple causes can change how people develop, behave/comm/interact differently

anxiety disorders

general state of dread/uneasiness response to vague or imagined danger, characterized by nerous, inability to relax increased heart rate

anxiety disorders include:

phobias, panic disorders, general anxiety disorder, social anxiety disorder

neurodevelopment disorders include

ADHD and ASD

panic disorder(acute)

experience panic attacks when overwhelemd by: bio, cogn or emotional experience; identify separate syndromes in different anxiety sensors to dissociative symptomsd

dissociation

“to separate“, can cause memory loss, loss of identity or hysteria

generalized anxiety disorder

chronic, worried about various things in life, hard to control worry, lasts at least 6 months

phobias

intense or irrational fear

ataque de nervios

cultural bound anxiety disorder(panic disorder) among latinos

agoraphobia

intense fear of social situations, public transportation, being in a crowd, being alone outside of your home

social anxiety disorder

intense fear of being judged by others in public, proceed to not engage in social situations

taijin kyofusho

culturally bound social anxiety disorder, often embarrased in public situations, people will judge your body (undesirable, offensive or unpleasing)

OCD is

obsessive compulsive disorder

OCD is defined as

O = persistent, intrusive and unwanted thoughts

C = ritualistic and repeated behaviors

hoarding disorder

personal difficulty of letting things go, common with people of old age, comorbidity with depression, unabel to change and fall back into habits

PTSD is

post traumatic stress disorder

PTSD is defined as

re-experiencing a traumatic event(flashback), relive events and behave as if inside of the experience, accompanied by hyperalertness, guilt or impaired consciousness

PTSD symptoms

avoidance, always on guard, avoids activies, flashbacks, negative mood/mindset

benzodiazepines

tranquilizers that calm anxiety attacks

kinds of tranquilizers

valium and xanax

dissociation disorders

separation of certain personality component or mental processes of conscious thoughts

5 core components of dissociative disorders

amnesia, identity confusion, identity altercation, derealization, depersonalization

depersonalization

watching life as if it’s a movie, detached from life, warped concept of time and space, perceputal alternates

derealization

lost the sense of reality, unreal, dreamlike, lifeless or static

PDD

fewer or less symptoms, lasts for 2 years, return to general or less severe, depressive at all times but a person will feel normal sometimes, appetite can change

MDD (major depression)

many symptoms, maladaptive, 2 weeks for symptoms, regular moods into major episodes, mainly normal and don’t experience depression

MDD DSM criteria

must have 5 symptoms and top 1-2, under 2 weeks

MDD DSM diagnosis, ones that are needed

1. depressive mood

2. decrease of interest

MDD DSM diagnosis

3. weight loss(increase or decrease of appetite)

4. decrease of thoughts

5. loss of energy

6. feelings of worthlessness

7. unable to think or concentrate

8. recurrent thoughts

bipolar disorders

manic episodes that last at least 7 days, less severe can be defined as hypomaniam

mania

elated and jumpy, troubled sleeping, risky behaviors, and delusions

hypomania

less severe compared to mania, function well at some times

depression(bipolar)

little energy, sleeps too much, worried or empty thoughts

schizophrenia

one of the most severe psych disorders, loss of contact/reality

psychosis

psychotic episodes or breaks

schizophrenic symptoms

hallucinations, thought disorders, motor movement disorders

hallucinations

voices, images or tactives, pressure on skin/bugs crawling

thought disorders

speech unable to go the right way

motor movement disorders

pointless rhythm and rhyme, compulsive decisions

persecutory delusions

paranoia, under surveillance, protect in front of persecutors, being made fun of

grandiose delusions

person has exceptional power or talent, is a god or diety

negative schizo symptoms

lack of movement(catatonic stupor), many kinds of body positions

schizo positive symptoms

delusions, disorganizational thinking, excited catatonia, atypical behavior

cluster a is

odd

cluster a disorders

schizotypal, schizoid, and paranoid

cluster b is

dramatic

cluster b disorders

antisocial, borderline and histionic personality disorders, and narcissistic

cluster c is

anxious

cluster c disorders

avoidant, obsessive-compulsive, and dependent

schizotypal

eccentric, unsual experience/superstitions, reclusive and bizarre

schizoid

aloof, socially withdrawn, unaffected by criticism and compliments

paranoid

distrustful nature, doubts loyalty hurt and deciet, keeps grudges, easily offended

antisocial

lack of remorse, inability to maintain attachments

borderline personality disorder

unstable relationships, emotional insabitliy, impulsivity

histionic personality disorder

excessive emotions, attentive seeking behaviors, on the spotlight

narcissistic

exaggerated sense of self-importance or self-absorption

avoidant

complete social withdrawal, shyness

obsessive-compulsive personality disorder

needs roles or excessive morals, perfectionist, constant production, type a personality

dependent

indecisive, clinginess, fear of being alone and need of reassurance

ethics of therapy

nonmalefience, fidelity, integrity, and respect to dignity/rightsnon

nonmalefience

do no harm

fidelity

trust

integrity

honesty/ethics

respect to dignity or rights

confidentiality

triad of sociopathy

fire setting, animal cruelty, and bed-wetting

psychotherapy

emotionally charged to confide with therapist, suffer through psychological difficultiese

eclectic approach

depends on the clients problems, using various techniques to help(various forms)

psychoanalysis

freud’s therapy technique, gain self-insight from free association, resistances, dreams, and transferences

insight/cure

inference for patient’s unconscious conflict led by an analysthy

hypnosis

effectiveness in treating pain or anxiety, resrach doesnt support this therapy to retrieve memories or regress in age

person centered therapy is

humanistic and made by carl rogersper

person-centered therapy

active listening to genuine or accepting environment, facilitates clients’ growth

paraphrase

summarize the speakers words

invite clarification

encourage speaker to say more

reflect feelings

mirror what the actions are being sense by the speakers body language and intensity of emotions

gestalt therapy

unconscious feelings of awareness/humanistic emphasis, role-playing different aspects like empty chair technique, help people be more aware or express feelings and take more responsibility

learn principles

elimiate unwanted behaviors with progressive relaxation, counter conditioning, system desentization, and aversive conditioning

counterconditioning

conditions that make new responses from same stimulu that triggers unwanted behaviors

systematic desentization

association of pleasant or relaxed state to an unpleasant thing, using the fear heirarchy to work through

progressive relaxation

muscle groups become relaxed into a drowsy state, visualize anxiety arousing stimulation if there’s too much take it out

aversive conditioning

associate bad habits with unpleasant state, reverses system desentization, antabuse and disulfiram

flooding therapy

extreme kind of exposure therapy, intensive, can’t avoid the situation, use difficult stimulation until fight/flight exhausts itself

CBT

cognitive behavioral therapy; thoughts, behavior and emotions all impact how act

rational emotive therapy

confrontational, challenges: illogical, self-defeating attitudes or assumptions that are absurd, emphasis on the homework component

A)

negative event → rational belief →healthy negative emotion

B)

negative event → irrational belief → unhealthy negative emotion