4. Demographic Trends Since 1900

1. Name 3 sociologists who talk about demographic changes

2. What does Harper say?

1. Harper,Weeks,Hirsch (Ha,W,Hi)

2. Ageing society

   • Ageing population

   • Increased demand for healthcare so strain on NHS and can cause a sandwich generation who care for parents and their own children.

   • Family support patterns changes e.g. grandparents support families with free child labour

   • E.g. Extended family created since grandparents need support putting strain on family

3, what does weeks say?

3. Population trends

   • Migration causes Demographic changes and reshapes society.

   • Family forms adapt.

   • E.g. Matrifocality and the Caribbean Family: In Jamaican sociology, the nuclear family is not the universal standard. Matrifocal lone-parent families—where mothers are the primary heads of household, decision-makers, and breadwinners

   • e.g. Extended Nuclear - South Asian families (grandparents offer support and family is often patriarchal)

   • New family structures influence policy. E.g. Universal credit for lone parent families(extra money)

What does Hirsch?

Economic consequences

• More elderly people out of work

• Pension pressures increase.

• Dependency ratios rise.

• Governments face greater costs.