BOT3015 Final Exam (Reused Qs)

Which botanical discipline focuses on the interaction between plants and their environments?

Plant Ecology

The dietary fiber that we derive from plant-based foods is primarily made of _____.

Cellulose

Plastids that store oil contents are called as:

Elaioplasts

Dermal vs. Vascular vs. Ground Tissue: Which is the epidermis?

Dermal Tissue

Dermal vs. Vascular vs. Ground Tissue: Which is the xylem?

Vascular Tissue

Dermal vs. Vascular vs. Ground Tissue: Which is collenchyma?

Ground Tissue

The sieve tube element is an example of a (food/water) conducting cell.

Food

The vessel element is an example of a (food/water) conducting cell.

Water

Roughly how many species of plants have been named so far?

320,000

One property that is present in Eukaryotic cells but absent in all Prokaryotic cells is:

Organelles

What is the purpose of lignin in the secondary cell walls of plants?

to provide strength

A tonoplast is associated with which structure?

central vacuole

Most plant cells are within the range of:

10 - 100 micrometers

Which plant cell organelles did we learn as a source of color in red bell peppers?

chromoplasts

The middle lamella of plant cells have _____.

pectin

Which of the following is the outermost boundary of a plant cell?

primary cell wall

Chloroplasts contain a liquid matrix called the ____________.

stroma

The presence of organic acids and anthocyanin pigments are characteristic of:

Central vacuole

A plant leaf is normally green. A possible reason for this color is due to the abundance of _____ in the leaf tissue.

chlorenchyma

True vs. False: There may be more than one tissue type per plant organ.

True

What is the function of vascular tissue in plants?

Transporation of water, minerals, and sugar

Which type of tissue covers and protects the plant organs?

dermal tissue

A simple tissue that gives flexible support to plant organs is:

collenchyma

A group of actively dividing cells of a plant that accomplish growth in length is the __.

apical meristem

The most abundant tissue in living plants is:

parenchyma

What is an actively dividing group of cells?

Meristem

What replaces the epidermis after secondary growth?

Periderm

A dead cell, also known as a stone cell, is also called a ...?

Sclereid

What is a trichome?

An epidermal outgrowth

Parenchyma with plenty of air spaces is known as what?

Aerenchyma

Simple tissue that provides flexible support is also known as...?

Collenchyma

What structure is associated with sieve elements?

Companion cells

The gaps in the secondary cell walls of xylem are known as what?

Pits

A dead cell in the xylem tissue with tapering end walls is known as ...?

A tracheid

Where are Casparian strips located in plant roots?

endodermis

Where are the passage cells found?

In the root endodermis

Dicot roots have a type of stele, called the _________.

protostele

Members of the pumpkin family are known for the storage of ____ in their massive roots.

Water

The food-storage function of the roots is primarily taken up by the ____.

cortex region

When a seed germinates, which part of the embryo emerges first?

hypocotyl

When compared to the stems, the roots of plants do NOT have _______.

nodes, internodes, apical, and axillary buds

Branch roots arise from the ______ region.

Pericycle

Multiple epidermal layers are characteristic of _________.

Orchid aerial roots

A stele pattern called the protostele has:

a core of xylem in the center alternating with phloem

A commercial insecticide, rotenone, is derived from the chemicals derived from the roots of ____ plants.

Barbasco

What is the function of Casparian strips in roots?

Facilitate water movement between cortex and xylem

A pith is likely to be present ______.

in a monocot root

Cells of the growing roots differentiate into permanent cells in the region of ___.

maturation

The tip of the root is protected by the ______, which is made of ______ cells.

root cap; parenchyma

The ________ are specialized roots of mangroves that grow upward and allow for gaseous exchange.

pneumatophores

The _________ of certain orchids turn green and function as photosynthetic organs.

aerial roots

When you examine the internal tissue organization of a herbaceous stem, which tissue would you not find?

Periderm

The wood of a tree is primarily made of what tissue?

Secondary xylem

Which part of the annual ring appears lighter and less dense?

Early wood

CP 8 Questions

...

List some of the adaptations exhibited by the xerophytic plant leaves.

1) multiple layered epidermis
2) sunken stomata
3) reduced or succulent leaves

Describe pinnately compound leaves.

Feather-like appearance; the leaflets are arranged along the midrib (as in rose, hickory, pecan, ash, or walnut tree leaves). Includes a stalk called the rachis.

Describe palmately compound leaves.

Resembles the palm of a hand, with leaflets radiating outwards from one point (as in poison ivy or the buckeye tree). Usually has an odd number of leaves.

What feature is common in the leaves of both dicots and monocots?

presence of leaf veins and chlorenchyma tissue

Mesophyll is ____.

the tissue sandwiched between two layers of epidermis

The term phyllotaxy refers to the:

arrangement of leaves on a stem or branch

What feature would NOT be exhibited by hydrophytic leaf anatomy?

abundant xylem and phloem

A rachis would be a part of all _____.

pinnately compound leaves

The jacket of parenchyma cells that surround the vascular tissue in a leaf is the ____.

bundle sheath

One of the main functions of stomata is to allow for ___.

transpiration

When a leaf is about to go through abscission, a suberized _______ develops closest to the main branch/stem.

protective layer

What plant is used as a fuel source in South America?

Yareta

What plant is used as essential oils used in medicine?

eucalyptus

List an example of a plant that has floral leaves.

Bougainvillea

List an example of a plant that has food storage leaves.

Onion

The vascular cambium is ____.

not a part of any leaves (found in the roots)

The grass leaf blades tend to fold or roll in hot summer seasons. This is due to the presence of _____.

bulliform cells

In a majority of plants, the part that becomes a fruit is the _______.

ovary

Date palms and Willows would be the best examples for __________ condition.

dioecious

The stalk of an individual flower (or floret) in an inflorescence is the ______.

pedicel

The flower structure that makes the pollen is the _____.

anther

If all four whorls of the flower are present, a flower is said to be _______.

perfect and complete

A plant has several colorful flowers on its branches.

Both types of flowers look identical in size, shape, and color.
Upon closer examination, you find that some flowers have only the pistils and some have only the stamens.

This flower is _______.

imperfect

Dioecious plants have __________ flowers on the plant.

either male or female, but not both

The petals of a flower are collectively called as the ____.

corolla

Pick an example of a fruit called an achene.

sunflower

Watermelons and pumpkins belong to a fruit type ___.

pepo

Which fruit is NOT a berry by botanical definition?

strawberry

What distinguishes a capsule from a legume?

Legume comes from a simple ovary; Capsule comes from a compound ovary

Caryopsis refers to the fruit type where the seed coat ______.

is fused with the pericarp to form bran

Pick a fruit that fits this description.

Fleshy fruit derived from one flower, one ovary; exocarp hard or leathery; numerous seeds.

pepo

The pericarp of a majority of fruits is derived from the ______.

ovary wall

Pick an example of an accessory fruit.

apple

The longest wavelength of light useful in photosynthesis are those of:

red light

During the light-independent reactions, what plants produce oxaloacetic acid in mesophyll cells and phosphoglyceric acid (PGA) in the bundle sheath cells?

C4 plants

The most abundant pigments present in higher plants are:

chlorophyll a & b

The energy "currency" of the cell is ______________.

ATP

True vs. False: RuBP is a 5-carbon sugar that is continuously formed during photosynthesis.

True

List three characteristics found in C4 plants?

1) bundle sheath cells with large chloroplasts with numerous starch grains
2) mesophyll cells with smaller chloroplasts with well-developed grana
3) low concentrations of rubisco in mesophyll

CAM photosynthesis occurs mostly in:

cacti and succulents

True vs. False: Resins, gums, essential oils, and rubber are some of the substances that are known as secondary metabolic products.

True

True vs. False: Photosynthetic light-independent reactions can only take place in the absence of light.

True

Explain a summary of photosynthesis with respect to requirements, reactants and products.

CO2 + H2O + light → C6H12O6 + O2 + H2O

True vs. False: The carbohydrate produced through photosynthesis is converted to other substances through the process of assimilation.

True

The oxygen liberated by green plants during photosynthesis comes from __.

water molecules