SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND SOCIETY Midterm Reviewer (Fill-in-the-Blank Flashcards)

100 fill-in-the-blank flashcards based on the lecture notes.

Merriam-Webster Dictionary defines science as a knowledge involving general truths and general laws that are taken from a __ study.

systematic

Science __ on the Natural World.

focuses

Science Goes through __.

experiments

Science Relies on __.

evidences

Science passes through the __ Community.

scientific

Technology is a 'means to fulfill a human __'.

purpose

Technology is an 'assemblage of __ and components'.

practices

Technology is a 'collection of devices and engineering practices available to a __'.

culture

Science and technology have brought both __ and negative effects on society.

positive

Fire - Not just experiencing accidental fire but actively __ and using it.

controlling

Stone-headed spears - Served as hunting weapons, enabling hunters to attack prey from a __ distance.

safer

Wooden bow and arrow - Primarily used for hunting and warfare from a __ distance.

safer

Sewing needles made from bones - bone needles were crafted from animal bones and used for __ clothing, nets, and other items.

sewing

Ironworking is introduced in Greece - The start of the __ age.

Iron Age

False teeth from gold - Etruscan craftsmen around 700 BC crafted early forms of dentures by using gold to attach human or animal teeth, creating a type of dental __.

denture

Stone arrowheads - These arrowheads were attached to arrows and used with bows, which were important for __.

survival

Pottery - served a wide array of essential functions, primarily revolving around __ and daily life.

food

Canals for irrigation - To transform arid deserts into productive __.

farmland

Rafts and boats from reeds - Reed boats called caballitos de totora were used by fishermen for transportation and __.

fishing

Plow in China - A crucial tool for agriculture, significantly impacting food production and societal __.

development

Clay pipes as drains - Clay pipes were extensively used for drainage systems, particularly in urban __.

areas

Acupuncture - Used as a medical practice to restore balance to the body's vital energy, or qi, believed to flow through specific pathways called __.

meridians

Bone harpoons - Primarily used as fishing tools, particularly for catching larger fish and potentially for hunting marine __.

mammals

Sundried brick - Primarily used for constructing __, fortifications, and other basic structures.

dwellings

Phoenician alphabet – Revolutionary writing system that used symbols to represent sounds, rather than whole words or ideas like earlier __.

systems

Wheels - used for a variety of purposes in Africa and the Middle East, including __, irrigation, and milling, before its application to transportation.

pottery

CHARLEMAGNE tried to bring back learning - Ruled some parts of western Europe around __ A.D.

800

The Heavy plow __ farming across Europe.

improved

Windmills were used as natural energy to __ grain.

grind

The Astrolabe used the stars to help travelers __.

navigate

Three-field system allowed farmers to plant more and __ less.

waste

Gutenberg’s Press – made books faster to copy, making it easier to share knowledge across __.

Europe

First universities started to appear; places like __ were founded.

Oxford

Scholasticism – tried to mix religion and __.

science

The Renaissance marked the start of the modern __.

science

HUMANISM focused on people, nature, and __.

reason

Nicolaus Copernicus proposed that the sun is the center of the solar __.

system

Galileo used the telescope to prove the __ model.

heliocentric

Newton published laws providing the physical and mathematical proof for the __ model.

heliocentric

The Darwinian revolution posited that populations pass through a process of natural selection in which only the __ would survive.

fittest

Evolution is the process by which one species gives rise to another and a slow but __ change in population of organisms overtime.

gradual

The Topographical Model of the Mind includes the Conscious Mind, Subconscious Mind, and the __ Mind.

Preconscious

The Preconscious Mind consists of what can be retrieved from the __.

memory

In Freud's Structural Model, the three parts are the ID, the EGO and the __.

Super-ego

The Super-ego is the most __ structure of the mind.

rule-governed

The Ego is the rational and pragmatic part of the .

personality

Psychoanalytic and Humanistic theories of personality were incredibly influential in explaining human __.

behavior

The first modern information revolution featured the __.

Telegraph

The Audion vacuum was developed by __.

Lee de Forest

Television was developed by Philo Taylor __.

Farnsworth

Artificial Satellites were developed by __.

Sergei Korolev

Bits were developed by __.

Claude E. Shannon

This period is known as the ' revolution'.

knowledge

Darwin introduced the Theory of __.

Evolution

The Olmecs also developed a __.

calendar

The Olmecs were ruled by a class of priests and nobles who lived in __ centers.

ceremonial

The Maya developed a complex __ system that included the concept of zero and place value.

numbering

Their sophisticated hieroglyphic writing was used to record __ and religious information.

astronomical

Aztec constructed __, or 'floating gardens'.

chinampas

They developed a 365-day calendar and a separate __-day ritual calendar.

260

Although illness was believed to be a divine punishment, they used herbs and medicine for treatment.

medicine

The five Pillars of Islam are Shahada, Salat, Sawm, Zakat, and __.

Hajj

Islamic sacred book is the __.

Qur'an

In 1166, Al Idrisi produced maps including the world __.

map

Ferdinand Magellan and Christopher Columbus imported Muslim __.

navigators

Made use of zero and decimal __.

systems

Cushitic people calculated stars and constellations and established an accurate __.

calendar

Created the building of Zimbabwe and the 11 interconnected rock-hewn churches of __ in Ethiopia.

Lalibela

NATION is a group of people who share a common history, culture, traditions, sometimes religion, and __.

language

NATION-BUILDING means making sure that people's basic needs are met like reducing poverty, unemployment, and inequality through education, human rights, and __ development.

democratic

GNP measures the total market value of all goods and services produced by citizens or companies of a country regardless of __.

location

GDP measures the total market value of all goods and services produced within a country’s __ in a specific time period.

territory

Philippine Science High School System (PSHSS) is a government program for __ students.

gifted

The SSES PROJECT aims to develop Filipino children equipped with scientific and technological knowledge, skills, and __.

values

Quezon City Regional Science High School is a regional science high school for the National Capital __.

Region

MANILA SCIENCE HIGH SCHOOL – First science high school in the __ Philippines.

Philippines

The Dynamic Learning Program was pioneered by the __ Foundation.

Central Visayas Institute

Aristotelianism views technology as basically a means to an __.

end

Jacques Ellul is associated with technological __.

pessimism

Technological optimism believes technology can lessen the difficulties and provide __.

solutions

Technocratism claims that technology is the __ authority on everything.

supreme

Existentialism emphasizes living authentically according to one’s own values rather than external __.

norms

Martin Heidegger argued that we need to look deeper beyond the instrumental view and the danger of trying to __ technology.

master

Material Cause (causa materialis) is the substance from which something is __.

made

Formal Cause (causa formalis) is the form or __ of the thing.

blueprint

Final Cause (causa finalis) is the __ or end for which the thing exists.

purpose

Efficient Cause (causa efficiens) is the __ or process that brings the thing into being.

agent

Modern technology is revealed by __ nature.

challenging

Setting up upon challenges on nature in order to: a. __ and expose

unlock and expose

Finding Balance in a __ World.

technological

Technology as the New Source of __.

happiness

Revealing Always Hides __.

something else

Sometimes we misunderstand what technology reveals to us; this is the trap of __.

misinterpretation

The Never-Ending Demand of Modern Tech - We should ask: 'At what __?'

cost

Technology can make us forget what truly __.

matters

The more we reveal through machines, the more we risk hiding human __.

values

NATION is a group of people who share a common history, culture, traditions, sometimes religion, and __.

language

NATION-BUILDING includes reducing poverty, unemployment, and inequality through education, human rights, and __ development.

democratic

GNP measures the total market value of all goods and services produced by citizens or companies of a country regardless of __.

location

GDP measures the total market value of all goods and services produced within a country’s __ in a specific time period.

territory