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Ephesus
1 Corinthians was written from
18 months
Paul remained in Corinth for
Achaia
Corinth is in the Roman province of
Sophists
Orators who drew crowds and students
AD 53–55
Approximate date 1 Corinthians was composed
Julius Caesar in 44 BC
Corinth was recolonized by
Natural person can't understand the Spirit; spiritual person sees God's wisdom in the cross
Natural person vs. Spiritual person in 1 Corinthians 1–2
Foolishness, but God's power to believers
Message of the cross to Gentiles
Divisions, immorality, lawsuits, marriage, food offered to idols, spiritual gifts, resurrection
Primary reasons Paul wrote 1 Corinthians
Second missionary journey
Paul first visited Corinth on his
1 Corinthians 1:18 "The message of the cross is foolishness to those who are perishing..."
Key text - 1 Corinthians
2 Corinthians 5:17"If anyone is in Christ, he is a new creation..."
Key text - 2 Corinthians
Unity of the church (1 Cor 1–3)
Resurrection of the body (1 Cor 15)
Generosity and giving (2 Cor 8–9)
Power made perfect in weakness (2 Cor 12)
New covenant ministry through the Spirit (2 Cor 3)
Major doctrinal points of 1–2 Corinthians with examples:
Amanuensis
Secretary who took dictation:
Super-apostles (These opponents emphasized status, eloquence, and visions)
Paul calls his opponents in Corinth:
Multiple letters may be present in 2 Corinthians
Painful letter likely found in chapters 10–13
Letter of reconciliation likely in chapters 1–9
Composition of 1–2 Corinthians:
Epideictic rhetoric
Type of rhetoric using praise and blame:
Paul's visits
Paul's defense of his apostolic authority
Two major themes of 2 Corinthians:
the ministry of Moses
According to 2 Cor 3, Paul’s ministry of the Spirit has far more glory than that of
fourth
The letter known as “2 Corinthians” perhaps is at least Paul’s _______ epistle to the Corinthians.
Support the poor in Jerusalem
Strengthen unity between Gentile and Jewish Christians
Purpose of the collection:
client
When a patron gave a gift, the recipient or ________ was obliged to offer thanks
covenant
Paul’s ministry fulfills the prophet Jeremiah’s promise of a “new
Spain
In Romans, Paul’s ultimate goal is to take the gospel to what region?
Mixed community of Jews and Gentiles
The church at Rome is largely comprised of
Tertius
The name of Paul’s scribe that helped compose Romans is
Phoebe
Who (perhaps) will deliver the epistle to the Romans?
Some think it was sent to another church (like Ephesus)
Others say it fits with Rome because of Paul’s wide network
Understand the theories about Rom 16
Introduction and Theme (1:1–17)
Problem of Sin (1:18–3:20)
Justification by Faith (3:21–5:21)
Life in Christ/Sanctification (6–8)
Israel’s Role (9–11)
Practical Exhortations (12–15)
Personal Greetings (16)
Know and understand the main parts of Romans – Give chapters
Romans 1:16–17 – "I am not ashamed of the gospel..."
Key text of Romans
Romans 6:14 – Believers are under grace, not law
Romans 7:14–25 – Describes the inner conflict of wanting to do good but struggling with sin
Be able to explain in brief words Rom 6:14; 7:14-25.
he righteousness of God revealed through faith, available to both Jews and Gentiles
Table fellowship and Gentile inclusion: Central to Paul's vision of unity in Christ
What is central theme of Romans (pages 334-35) – How is table fellowship and the acceptance of Gentiles viewed?
God has not rejected Israel; their role is part of God’s larger redemptive plan (Romans 9–11)
What is the role of Israel in the understanding of Romans?
Emphasizes Jewish-Gentile unity and the role of the law as boundary markers, not salvation
What is the “new perspective” emphasis
Corinth
Romans was written from the city of ______.
Edict of Claudius: Expelled Jews from Rome in AD 49 because of unrest over “Chrestus” (likely related to Jesus)
The edict of _______ expelled the Jews from Rome. Year? Reasons?