AP HUG Unit 2: Population and Migration

These flashcards cover key concepts related to population dynamics, migration patterns, infrastructure, and health as outlined in the provided notes. Each card focuses on significant definitions and terms crucial for understanding AP Human Geography.

Infrastructure is important for ___ to support population distribution and health.

A crucial element that supports development and population dynamics.

The has a significant impact on population distribution and migration.

Government's policies and decisions regarding infrastructure and resources.

China has a more infrastructure compared to underdeveloped countries.

Advanced.

The term refers to a country's overall economic development and health metrics.

Population.

The Transition Model describes the stages a country moves through as it develops economically.

Demographic.

The main reason for the male surplus in both China and India relates to biases in culture.

Gender.

__ is an important factor in understanding population distribution across regions.

Natural resources.

Urbanization is largely a result of migration trends over the past century.

Rural to urban.

The census is used to count the population and determine funding for various services.

Federal.

As of 2019, the world's population was estimated to exceed billion.

7.8.

A country's affects its settlement patterns, including population density and distribution.

Geography.

__ Density is calculated as the total population divided by the total land area.

Arithmetic.

An example of a policy in China is the One-Child Policy, which aimed to reduce population growth.

Restrictive.

The of a population reflects how many people are supported by working-age individuals.

Dependency ratio.

High infant mortality rates often indicate in health care access and education.

Inequality.

Educational opportunities for women tend to reduce rates in developing countries.

Fertility.

Natural resources, especially , play a significant role in regional population distribution.

Water.

The of populations refers to how people are scattered or concentrated in a particular area.

Distribution.

A in population refers to negative growth often due to low birth rates or high death rates.

Decline.

Increased migration can lead to a effect on surrounding regions, combining cultures and demographics.

Spillover.

Cultural attitudes towards family size are often influenced by factors.

Societal.

China's population policies were largely influenced by ideals stemming from theories.

Malthusian.

Demographic Transition Model Stage 1 is characterized by high and high death rates.

Birth.

The ratio highlights the proportion of people in economically productive versus dependent age groups.

Old age dependency.

Health metrics like life expectancy and are critical in assessing population well-being.

Mortality rates.

A significant effect occurs when economic opportunity in one area drives migration from another.

Pull.

China has a small percentage of the world's supply relative to its large population.

Fresh water.

The policy aimed to slow population growth by limiting family size in China.

Anti-natalist.

The spatial arrangement and density of populations is referred to as Density.

Physiologic.

The term is used to discuss the rates of illness and health issues in a given population.

Epidemiology.

Life expectancy is a measurement that indicates the average number of years a person is expected to live, influenced by conditions.

Health.

Migration can be categorized as either or voluntary based on the circumstances driving movement.

Forced.

Understanding dynamics is crucial for policymakers in addressing population issues effectively.

Migration.

Geographical factors influencing population include accessibility to resources and conditions.

Climate.

The concept of migration refers to the permanent relocation of individuals across borders.

International.

As countries move from Stage 1 to Stage 2 in the Demographic Transition Model, they experience lower rates due to improved healthcare.

Death.

Population pyramids are visual representations that illustrate the age and sex of a population.

Composition.

Increased urbanization leads to higher population in metropolitan areas compared to rural ones.

Density.

A high population indicates that a large proportion of residents are elderly and may not be economically active.

Old.

Throughout the world, many countries with low fertility rates also experience increased women's opportunities.

Educational.

The cultural practice of can impact gender ratios significantly in areas like China and India.

Sex-selective abortions.

Population growth in developing nations often leads to increased pressure on resources.

Natural.

Policies aiming to increase birth rates in aging populations are known as policies.

Pro-natalist.

The Model helps explain why some nations are experiencing rapid growth while others are stabilizing.

Demographic Transition.

Population is determined by factors such as birth rates, death rates, and migration rates.

Change.

The concept of ratio impacts how resources are allocated to support different age groups in a population.

Dependency.

Evaluating requires understanding both the socioeconomic conditions and health indicators of a population.

Development.

Infant Mortality Rate is often used as a key indicator of health system in a country.

Effectiveness.

A is defined as a person who is forced to flee their country due to conflict, persecution, or violence.

Refugee.

The model of migration suggests that people are more likely to migrate to places that are closer to home.

Gravity.

Countries experiencing population growth often face challenges in sustaining economic activity due to workforce shortages.

Declining.

Policies that discourage immigration are often termed policies.

Anti-immigration.