Microbiology test 1

Which parts of the atoms interact in a chemical reaction?

A. Protons

B. Electrons

C. Neutrons

D. Ions

B. Electrons

What is the correct order for the application of Koch’s postulates.

I. Inoculated suspect agent into test subject and observe that subject develops disease of interest

II. Isolate and culture suspect agent into the laboratory

III. Find suspect agent is every case of disease of interest but not in healthy hosts

IV. Recover and isolate suspect agent from test subject

A. IV, I, II, III

B. III, II, I, IV

C. I, II, III, IV

D. III, I, IV, II

B. III, II, I, IV

Recently, a microbe that is able to digest cellulose was discovered in a hot spring with an average temperature of 95°C. Predict the group to which this microbe most likely belongs?

A. Proteobacteria

B. Cyanobacteria

C. Archaea

D. Fungi

C. Archaea

Decomposition reactions are commonly___reactions?

A. Exchange

B. Dehydration

C. Anabolic

D. Exothermic

C. Anabolic

Nucleic acids, proteins, and complex carbohydrates are all produced by?

A. Dehydration synthesis

B. Catabolic reactions

C. Hydrogen bonding

D. Hydrolytic reactions

C. Hydrogen bonding

A(n) ____ is an arrangement of atoms found in a variety of macrophages

A. Steroisomer

B. Functional group

C. Salt

D. Buffer

B. Functional group

A protein is a ____ of amino acids.

A. Bilayer

B. Monomer

C. Decomposition product

D. Polymer

D. Polymer

Which of the following does not contribute significantly to the mass of an atom?

A. Electron

B. Element

C. Proton

D. Isotope

A. Electron

The work of Lister, Nightngale, and Semmelweis all contributed to controlling infectious disease.

A. Developing vaccines

B. Developing techniques for isolating pathogens

C. Developing methods for reducing healthcare-associated infections (HAIs)

D. Identifying the sources of infectious agents

C. Developing methods for reducing healthcare-associated infections (HAIs)

Which of the following statements about proteins is FALSE?

A. They are composed of amino acids

B. They are formed by dehydration synthesis reactions

C. They can be hydrophobic, hydrophilic, or both

D. They have multiple levels of structural organization

E. Their primary function is energy storage

E. Their primary function is energy storage

Which of the following is an INCORRECT pairing?

A. Secondary structure; disulfide bridges

B. Tertiary structure; covalent bonds

C. Quaternary structure; two or more polypeptides

D. Secondary structure; B-pleated sheets

E. Primary structure; amino acid sequence

A. Secondary structure; disulfide bridges

Two molecules react to produce two products, one of which is water. What type of reaction is likely to involved.

A. Hydrolysis reaction

B. Synthesis reaction

C. Exchange reaction

D. Decomposition reaction

B. Synthesis reaction

DNA is composed of repeating units of sugars, phosphates, and Nucleic acids. This an example of a___

A. Micelle

B. Polymer

C. Lipid

D. Salt

B. Polymer

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of saturated fats?

A. Their fatty acids pack tightly together

B. They are a formed of stored energy

C. They contain at least one double bond

D. They are found in animals

E. They are usually solid at room temperature

C. They contain at least one double bond

The formal system for classifying and naming organisms was developed by

A. Robert Koch

B. Carolus Linnaeus

C. Louis Pasteur

D. Arsitole

B. Carolus Linnaeus

The Gram stain works because of differences in the ____ of bacteria.

A. Antigens

B. Capsules

C. Cell walls

D. Genetic characteristics

C. Cell walls

The term used to describe a disease-causing microorganism is

A. Infection

B. Pathogen

C. Microbe

D. Virus

B. Pathogen

Which of the following is NOT a domain in the three-domain system?

A. Animalia

B. Archaea

C. Bacteria

D. Eukarya

A. Animalia

Which of the following is an INCORRECT pairing?

A. Catabolism; exothermic

B. Synthesis; endothermic

C. Dehydration; anabolism

D. Hydrolysis; hydrogen bonds

D. Hydrolysis; hydrogen bonds

The reverse of a dehydration synthesis reactions is a(n) ____ reaction.

A. Metabolic

B. Hydrolytic

C. Exchange

D. Endothermic

B. Hydrolytic

Acidic dyes

A. Are used for staining negatively charged molecular structures

B. Are negatively charged and work best at low pH

C. Work best in low pH environments

D. Are negatively charged

B. Are negatively charged and work best at low pH

A(n) ____ is a compound that dissolves into anions and cations in water

A. Catalyst

B. Base

C. Buffer

D. Salt

D. Salt

Which of the following statements about biofilm is FLASE?

A. Compares to free-living bacteria, biofilms are more sensitive to antibiotics

B. Biofilms in pipes can block the flow of water

C. Biofilms in your body protect mucous membranes from harmful microbes

D. Biofilms on medical devices cause infections

A. Compares to free-living bacteria, biofilms are more sensitive to antibiotics

You are shown a micrograph from a light microscope in which the specimens appear bright compared to the background. The micrograph is probably from a(n) ____ microscope

A. Bright-field

B. Dark-field

C. Atomic force

D. Nomarski

B. Dark-field

Which of the following types of cells utilize deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) as their genetic material but do not have their DNA encased within a nuclear envelope?

A. Archaean

B. Animal

C. Fungi

D. Plant

A. Archaean

The term for the use of microorganisms to restore damaged environments is

A. Ecology

B. Epidemiology

C. Chemotherapy

D. Bioremediation

D. Bioremediation

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of phospholipids?

A. They contain a hydrophilic phosphate “head”

B. They are found in cellular membranes

C. They contain two fatty acids and a phosphate functional group

D. They can form micelles and bilayers

E. They contain fatty acids that associate with water

E. They contain fatty acids that associate with water

In comparison to eukaryotes, prokaryotic ____

A. Are smaller

B. Are larger

C. Do not have membranes

D. Are more structurally complex

A. Are smaller

A compound that dissociates into anions water to produce ___ is called a salt

A. Hydroxyl ion

B. Cations

C. Anions

D. Anions and cations

D. Anions and cations

All of the following are components of an amino acid EXCEPT a(n)

A. R group

B. Amino group

C. a-carbon

D. Carboxyl group

E. Penrose group

E. Penrose group

The type(s) of bond produced when atoms share electrons equally is/are

A. Hydrogen bond

B. An ionic bond

C. A polar covalent bond

D. A nonpolar covalent bond

D. A nonpolar covalent bond

If a microbiology lab student left the safranin out of the Gram stain procedure, what would be the result?

A. Gram-positive cells would be colorless and Gram-negative cells would be pink

B. Gram-positive cells would be pink and Gram-negative cells would be purple

C. All cells would be purple

D. Gram-positive cells would be purple and Gram-negative cells would be colorless

D. Gram-positive cells would be purple and Gram-negative cells would be colorless

A molecule composed of carbon and hydrogen is a compound

(True or false)

True

Three-dimensional images of specimens can be obtained using electron microscopes

(True or false)

True

A single basic dye is used for simple stains

(True or false)

True

The production of human blood-clotting factor by E.coli is an example of bioremediation

(True or false)

False

Light rays that pass through the edge of a curved lens will be refracted more than those that pass through the center

(True or false)

True

Hydrogen bonds are stronger than covalent bonds

(True or false)

False

Koch’s postulates can be used to determine the causes of infectious diseases

(True or false)

True

The monomer of a Nucleic acid is called a ____

Nucleotide

Coating a specimen with a heavy metal is a step in preparing it for ____ microscopy.

Electron

A cell that contains a nucleus is called a(n) ____ cell

Eukaryotic

The amateur scientists ____ made his own microscopes and first reported the existence of microbes

Antonie Leeuwenhoek

A(n) ____ bond is one in which electrons are shared equally between atoms

Nonpolar

The total magnification using a 10 ocular and a 100 objective would be ____

1000

Microbes that cause infectious disease are called ___

Pathogens