Microbiop1 from b3

Gives out a fried egg appearance in solid culture media

Mycoplasma

What tests are performed simultaneously on MRVP broth?

MR Test along with VP test

What test is used to differentiate enteric Gram-negative bacilli based on their ability to produce phenylpyruvic acid from phenylalanine?

Phenylalanine Deaminase test

What test is used to detect urease activity in Proteus spp?

Urease test

What test is used to detect the presence of the terminal enzyme system in aerobic respiration called cytochrome C oxidase?

Oxidase test

What are examples of serologic systems used for identification?

Group A Streptococcal M proteins, O and H polysaccharide antigens of Salmonella

What genome properties are used for identification?

Nucleic Acid Type, Positive/negative sense sequence, Geometry of Genome

Fungi Phylum Chytridiomycota is also known as

Chytrids

Fungi Phylum Glomeromycota known as

Mycorrhizae

CELL WALL function

Maintains the shape, size, and rigidity of the microorganism

Teichoic acid function

Polymers that bond in the cell wall or membrane

Peptidoglycan layer in cell wall

Comprises 10% of the cell wall

Deficient of cell wall

L form

Bacteria known to produce L-forms in nature

Bacillus, Clostridium, Haemophilus, Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus, and Vibrio

Flagella function

Functions as a rigid propeller to generate thrust for the cell to swim in viscous environments

Types of Flagellar Arrangements

Multiple

Surface motility called

Twitching

What is the correct order of classification?

Domain (Kingdom) - Phylum - Class - Order - Family - Genus - Species

Difference between Pili and Fimbriae

Pili: Hair-like microfibers on the surface of bacteria; Fimbriae: Tiny, bristle-like fibers that aid in attachment

Spirochetes spp characteristics

Long, thin, flexible, spirally coiled helical bacilli; Conferring flagella; Gram-negative

Endoflagella function

Bundles of flagella

What is the aqueous fluid and gel-like matrix made up of?

water, enzymes, nutrients, wastes, and gases

Where is the aqueous fluid and gel-like matrix located?

within the cytoplasmic/plasma membrane

What is the site where cell growth, synthesis, metabolism, cell maintenance, and replication occur?

the cytoplasm

What is the internal part of the vesicle that does not allow entry of water?

hydrophobic region

What are found in photosynthetic bacteria capable of carrying out photosynthesis?

chlorosomes

What stain is used for Poly-β-hydroxybutyric acid (PHB)?

Nile blue

What is the ratio of Cyanophycin?

2:1

What is the study of microorganisms?

microbiology

What are microorganisms defined as?

any living organisms that can cause disease, spoil food, and deteriorate materials

What specific media should be used to culture E. coli?

EMB AGAR

Which of the following does NOT describe E. coli?

bullet shape

What type of staining should be used to isolate Spirochetes spp?

special staining

What test can be used to detect oxygen formation?

catalase test

What microorganisms were discovered due to the limitation of Koch's postulates?

viruses

What media should be used to determine if bacteria are motile or non-motile?

SIM media

Which phyla of fungi are responsible for the decomposition of keratin and chitin?

Chytridiomycota

Which of the following does NOT describe Aphthovirus?

it can be multiplied by inert media

Is the MR test done simultaneously with the VP test?

NO

What is the objective of the Methyl Red Test and Voges Proskauer test?

to differentiate facultative anaerobic enteric bacteria

What are the primary functions of the bacterial cell wall?

protection, structural support, and prevention of osmotic lysis

What maintains osmotic integrity?

cell wall

The bacterial cell wall's primary functions are the following, except . a. Maintains osmotic integrity
b. Cell division and biosynthesis
c. Chemotaxis and sensory
d. Protection of the cell

chemotaxis and sensory

A bundle of specialized flagella for Spirochetes spp.

- Axial Filaments

What reaction does Staphylococcus spp give to gram staining?

Violet/purple because their cell wall traps the dye

Name the bacteria that are gram-negative, curved in shape, and ZN-negative.

Campylobacter spp, Vibrio spp

What are the axial filaments for?

Bundle of specialized flagella for Spirochetes spp

What is Veterinary Microbiology?

Focuses on the study of microorganisms, their cultivation, their demonstration, and their role in the treatment and prevention of diseases whether zoonotic or not

Which statement is FALSE about endospores?

The endospores are resistant only to extreme hot temperatures

What bacteria produce sulfur granules?

S. aureus and Corynebacterium pyogenes

Is arbovirus endogenous or exogenous?

Exogenous (lyk dengue)

Which virus is NOT derived from their size?Astroviridae
B. Circo
C. Parvo
D. Picorna

Astroviridae

What is the high nitrogen and carbon ratio?

2:1

What is the characteristic of conjugative plasmids?

Presence of Tra genes (If non conjugative, absence of tra genes)

Who was the first person to disprove spontaneous generation?

Francisco Reddi

What is NOT true about prokaryotes or bacteria?

Larger ribosomes (eukaryotes have larger ribosomes)

What is the importance of Taxonomy?a. It permits the accurate identification of organisms
b. Chuchu
c. ALL OF THE ABOVE

all of the above.

Which bacteria need living cells for in vitro growth?

Rickettsiae and Chlamydiae

Which virus is NOT derived from their shape?

Calci (cup)

What stains are used in Anthony's capsule staining?

Crystal violet (primary) and copper sulfate (counterstain)

What is flexible in terms of bending but rigid in terms of twisting?

Hook

What connects the hook and the rotor rings?

Basal body

What gives out a fried egg appearance in solid culture media?

137

What test is used to differentiate catalase-positive organisms from catalase-negative organisms?

Catalase test

True or False: The catalase test separates Staphylococci spp (positive) from Streptococci spp and Enterococci spp (negative)

True

What test is used to detect growth with a color change from green to intense blue along the slant?

Simmon's Citrate Agar or Citrate Utilization Test

What test is used mainly to assist in the identification of members of the family Enterobacteriaceae?

Hydrogen Sulfide Test

What test is used to detect the ability of bacteria to produce indole from tryptophan?

Indole test

What test is used to determine the ability of an organism to produce nitrate reductase?

Nitrate reduction test

What test is used to differentiate two major types of facultative anaerobic enteric bacteria based on the production of acid?

MR test

What physical state is EMB?

Solid liquefiable

What type of fungi is present in your proteins in hair and nails?

Chytridiomycota (chytrids)

Who discovered the vaccine for smallpox?

Edward Jenner

Who developed the porcelain filter to produce bacteriologically-sterile water for the production of culture media?

Charles Chamberland

Who is known as the Father of Microbiology?

Louis Pasteur

Who is known as the Father of Modern Microbiology?

Robert Koch

What process abolished spontaneous generation?

Pasteurization

Who discovered the Rabies vaccine?

Louis Pasteur

Who established the microbial cause of anthrax, tuberculosis, and typhoid fever?

Robert Koch

Who demonstrated that tobacco mosaic disease can be transferred to another plant using Chamberland's porcelain filter?

Ivannovsky and Beijenrick

Who reported that it was possible to transmit tobacco mosaic disease from diseased to healthy plants using filtered leaf extract as inoculum?

Dimitri Ivannovsky

Who identified the first filterable agent from animals, the virus of foot and mouth disease?

Loeffler and Frosch

Who described the filterable agent of Yellow fever Virus?

Walter Reed

Who succeeded in growing vaccinia virus using guinea pig cornea embedded in clotted plasma?

Steinhardt

Do prokaryotes lack a true membrane-delimited nucleus?

Yes

Do eukaryotes have a membrane-enclosed nucleus?

Yes

Are fungi unicellular or multicellular?

Both

True or False: Viroids and prions are subviral particles.

True

What are microbes that are introduced into a culture medium to initiate growth called?

Inoculum

What is a nutrient material prepared for the growth of microorganisms in a laboratory called?

Culture medium

What is a culture medium?

Culture medium is a substance that provides the necessary nutrients and conditions for the growth of microorganisms.

What is the required pH to isolate a fungi?

pH 5-6

What are viruses?

Viruses are obligate intracellular parasites that cannot grow in any culture media.

What are the two types of cell culture?

Explant culture and cell culture.

What is the primary isolation method of the Influenza virus?

Inoculation in the AMNIOTIC CAVITY.

What physiological characteristics can be tested using SIM?

Hydrogen sulfide production and indole reaction.

What animal's blood is used in Blood agar?

Sheep's blood.

What is BISMUTH SULPHITE AGAR used for?

Isolate the gram-negative Salmonella typhi from feces.

What bacteria does Bismuth sulfite inhibit?

Gram-positive bacteria and most gram-negative intestinal bacteria (other than Salmonella typhi).

What does MacConkey agar inhibit and select for?

Inhibits growth of Gram-POSITIVE bacteria and selectively allows the growth of Gram-NEGATIVE bacteria.