Studied by 3 people
Water
water had several unique properties due to its polarity A
Water is a Polar Molecule 1. happens in covalently bonded molecules 2. oxygen has a slightly negative charge and hydrogen has a slightly positive end 3. the electrons are unevenly shared; greater pull towards oxygen that creates charged ends 4. uneven sharing creates a polar molecule 5. this makes water very effective at dissolving ionic & other polar substances B. Hydrogen Bonding 1. holds water molecules together 2. positive region of one water molecule is attracted to negative end of another 3. because the atoms have not transferred an e-, hydrogen bond is weaker than ionic bond
it is strong enough to make water cling to itself 4
What type of bond is water?
covalent
Is the oxygen side positive or negative?
Negative
Greater pull to the ...
oxygen
What holds water molecules together?
hydrogen bonds
Is the hydrogen bond stronger than an ionic bond?
no it's weaker
what causes water's properties
Hydrogen bonding-
cohesion
: attractive force between same/similar substances
surface tension:
a property of liquids such that their surfaces behave like a thin, elastic film
adhesion
: attractive force between unlike substances
"capillarity” or capillary action
combo of cohesion & adhesion allows water to move upwards inside narrow cavities, going against gravity
water is like a heat sponge
heat capacity
then temp increases & phase changes after
bonds have been broken
why can water absorb so much heat
it's hydrogen bonds
why is ice is less dense than water
molecules of ice are less densely packed than liquid water
what is water called
universal solvent
what substances can dissolve in water
polar and ionic
aqueous solution
a solution where water is the solvent
solvent
dissolves solute
solute
dissolved in the solvent
buffer
substance that causes solution to resist changes in pH
hydronium ions
made from taking protons
hydroxide ions
made from giving protons
an acid solution has more
hydroxide ions than hydronium
concentration
amount of solute dissolved in a fixed amount of the solution
when water dissociates it forms
H+ and OH-
