Physiology Lecture 3: Bone Matrix & Advanced Cell Functions

These flashcards cover key vocabulary and concepts from the Physiology Lecture on Bone Matrix and Advanced Cell Functions.

Epiphyseal Plates

Cartilaginous structures present in juvenile bones that allow for lengthwise growth.

Osteoblasts

Bone-forming cells that synthesize and secrete the organic matrix of bone.

Osteoclasts

Multinucleated cells responsible for the resorption of bone tissue.

Hydroxyapatite

Calcium phosphate crystals that provide compressive strength to bones.

Diaphysis

The main shaft of a long bone.

Medullary Cavity

The hollow center of the diaphysis containing bone marrow.

Tensile Strength

The resistance to pulling/stretching forces in bone, provided by Type I collagen fibers.

Compressive Strength

The resistance to crushing forces in bone, primarily provided by hydroxyapatite.

Bone Remodeling

The process involving the coordinated activity of osteoblasts and osteoclasts to maintain bone strength and integrity.

Organic Matrix

The component of bone matrix that includes collagen and proteoglycans, providing flexibility and tensile strength.

Inorganic Matrix

The mineral component of bone matrix primarily composed of hydroxyapatite, providing hardness and compressive strength.

Metaphysis

The transitional zone between diaphysis and epiphysis in a long bone.

Trabecular Organization

Describes the structural arrangement of bone, which is less organized in juvenile bones versus highly organized in adult bones.

Calcium Homeostasis

The regulation of calcium levels in the body, involving release by osteoclasts and storage by osteoblasts.

Howship's Lacuna

Sealed compartment formed by osteoclasts during bone resorption.

Resorption Mechanism

The process by which osteoclasts dissolve bone tissue involving acidification and increased surface area for enzyme release.