I.T Theory Term 1 Test

Define the Word Size of a computer.

The number of bits that a computer’s CPU can process at once.

What is the formula used to determine the Possible Combinations of Fixed Number of Bits?

2ⁿ.

Explain how, in addition of binary numbers,

When adding columns (similar to carrying over in decimal addition), if the sum is 2 (10 in binary), a carry of 1 is added to the next column

What are the 2 ways that bits can be represented.

Signed and Unsigned.

What are the 2 ways of representing signed digits?

Positive and Negative

Name the 2 methods for representing negative integers in a fixed number of bits.

1. Sign and Size.

2. Two’s Complement.

Describe the Two’s Complement Method.

• Convert number to binary.

• Pad number to correct amount of bits.

• Reverse 0s to 1s and 1s to 0s.

• Add 1.

What is the formula used to calculate the smallest number of signed bits?

-2^n-1

What is the formula used to calculate the largest number of unsigned bits?

2ⁿ-1

What is the formula used to calculate the largest number of signed bits?

2^n-1-1

What is the number system used to represent very large of very small real numbers?

Scientific Notation.

What are IPv4 and IPv6?

Internet protocols that use binary values to uniquely identify network addresses for devices on a network.

What is a MAC address?

A hardware identification number that uniquely identifies each device on network.

State 2 differences between IPv4, IPv6 and MAC addresses.

IPv4:

• 32 bits

• 4 numbers

• separated by decimal base(10)

IPv6:

• 128 bits

• 8 groups

• Hexadecimal base (16)

MAC Address:

• 48 bit serial numbers

• 6 two-digit decimal number.

State logical operators and their signs in order of operations.

NOT (‘)

AND (.)

OR (+)

Define Pixel.

The smallest programmable color unit on computer display.