Intro to Genetics

biology of heredity and variation, deals with the way in which traits are passed on or transmitted to their offspring.

Genetics

Study of genes, genetic variation and heredity in living organisms.

Genetics

concerned with the proper selection and use of traits of the parents to produce offspring with predictable and desirable traits for the improvement of animals.

Breeding

functional unit of inheritance consisting mostly of DNA.

Genes

a complex molecule that forms the genetic code for all living things.

DNA

long strands of DNA and associated proteins present in the nucleus of every cell of an organism; comes in pairs, one from the dam, one from sire.

Chromosomes

branch of animal science that deals with the evaluation of the genetic value of livestock.

Animal Breeding

a group of animals descended from or related to a specific animal or source of genetic stock.

Line

a group of animals within a breed with traits that distinguish them from others in the breed.

Strain

different forms of a segment of DNA that can exist at a particular site of the chromosome.

Alleles

particular site of a gene in a chromosome

Locus

appearance of an organism; visible or measurable properties.

Phenotype

genetic factors responsible for creating the phenotype, underlying genetic constitution of a phenotype; combination of genes at a single locus or at a number of loci.

Genotype

is a one-locus genotype containing functionally identical genes.

Homozygous Genotype

is a one-locus genotype containing functionally different genes.

Heterozygous Genotype

SN of horse

Equus caballus

SN of cattle w/ hump

Bos indicus

SN of cattle w/o hump

Bos taurus

SN of Carabao

Bubalus bubalis

SN of sheep

Ovis aries

SN of goat

Capra hircus

SN of swine

Sus domesticus/scrofa

SN of chicken

Gallus domesticus

SN of turkey

Meleagris gallopavo

SN of mallard duck

Anas boschas domestica

SN of muscovy duck

Cairina moschata

SN of goose

Anser anser

SN of swan

Anser cygnoides

SN of Quail

Coturnix coturnix japonica

SN of pigeon

Columba livia domestica

SN of guinea fowl

Numida meleagris

SN of peafowl

Pavo cristatus

SN of pheasant

Phasianus colchicus

Ostrich

Strutio camelus

Matured male horse for breeding and for work

Stallion

Matured female horse

Mare

Young male horse

Colt

Young female horse

Filly

Castrated young male horse

Gelding

A stallion with one or both testes cant descend to scrotal sac

Ridgling

Young horse of either sex

Foal

Parturition in horse

Foaling

Dry mare

Yeldmare

Castrated matured male horse

Stag

Matured male cattle

Bull

Matured female cattle

Cow

Young male cattle

Bull calf

Young female cattle

Heifer

Castrated young male cattle

Steer or bullock

A sterile female ox is born twin to a male ox (cattle)

Free martin

Young cattle of either sex

Calf

Parturition in cattle

Calving

Meat of matured cattle

BeefM

Meat of young cattle

Veal

Matured male carabao

Carabull

Matured female carabao

Caracow

Young female carabao

Caraheifer

Castrated young male carabao

Carasteer

Young carabao of either sex

Caracalf

Parturition in carabao

Caracalving

Meat of matured carabao

Carabeef

Meat of young carabao

Caraveal

Matured male sheep

Ram

Matured female sheep

Ewe

Young sheep of either sex

Lamb

Parturition in sheep

Lambing

Castrated young male sheep

Wether sheep

Castrated matured male sheep

Stag

Hair covering of sheep

Wool

Clipping of fleece

Shearing

Meat of a young sheep

LambchopM

Meat of matured sheep

Mutton

Matured male goat

Buck or billy goat

Matured female goat

Doe or Nanny goat

Young goat of either sex

Kid

Parturition in goat

Kidding

Castrated young male goat

Wether

Castrated matured male goat

Stag

Meat of a goat

Chevon

shrubs or trees nibbled by goats

Browse Plant

restraining an animal with a rope or chain

Tethering

Matured male swine

Boar

Young male swine

Junior boar

Matured female swine that has given birth

Sow

Young female swine and has not given birth

Gilt

Young pig from birth up to weaning

Suckling

Castrated young male swine

Barrow

Castrated matured male swine

Stag

Parturition in swine

Farrowing

Meat of swine

Pork

Group of pigs born in one farrowing

Litter

The number of pigs in one litter

Litter size

First milk or dam

Colostrum

First fecal matter of newborn suckling

Meconium

SN of rabbit

Oryctolagus cuniculus

Matured male rabbit

Buck

Matured female rabbit

Doe

Young rabbit of either sex

Bunny

Parturition in rabbit

Kindling

Meat of a rabbit

Lapan