Theory of Architecture (ALE Review) pt. 1

Architecture

Originated from two Greek words "archi" meaning first or original and "tekton" or the ability to put together

Art

From the latin ars, meaning "skill" or "craft" is the product or process of the effective application of a body of knowledge, most often using a set of skills.

Marcus Vitruvius

Architectural theory started with the Ten Book of the Architect written by whom?, published in the 1st centaury B.C.E. It was guide for the design and construction of cities, infrastructure and institutional building

Ten Book of the Architect

Architectural theory started with a book called? Written by Marcus Vitruvius, published in the 1st centaury B.C.E. It was guide for the design and construction of cities, infrastructure and institutional building

Circle

A primary shape, gives, stable and self-centering in its environment; centralized or introverted (figure); it reinforces its centrality

Triangle

A primary shape, an extremely stable; Balanced in a hazardous state of equilibrium; Unstable and tend to fall.

Square

A primary shape represents pure and balanced; Static and neutral; Have no direction

Sphere

A platonic solid consists of regular, continuous surface; with form which is closed within itself; centralized; Highly concentrated; Self-centering; Stable; Inclined toward rotating motion when placing on a sloping plane

Cylinder

A platonic solid rounded surface; In far distance it appears in outline as rectilinear and nearer it appears more like circular.

Cone

A platonic solid defines introverted interior spaces but have stability on the ground and a dynamism towards the sky; Creates nodal points; Could be as inverted; Could be played in form to control in form to control sunlight intake.

Pyramid

A platonic solid made up of tapering and inclined surface and gather to form an apex, a corner where the whole mass culminates; Eye will travel towards the corner.

Cube

A platonic solid a static form with six equal square sides; Vertical blank square that neither invites nor repulses; As a whole has no directional quality and neutral

Size

The physical dimensions of length, width, and depth of a form.

Color

A phenomenon of light and visual perception that may be described in terms of an individual's perception of hue, saturation and tonal Value

Texture

The visual and especially tactile quality given to a surface by the size , shape, arrangement and proportions of the parts. Determines the degree to which the surfaces of a form reflect or absorb incident light.

Position

The location of a form relative to its environment or the visual field within which it is seen

Orientation

The direction of a relative to the ground plane, the compass points, other forms, or to the person viewing the form.

Visual Inertia

The degree of concentration and stability of a form.

Surface

Refers to any figure having only two dimensions, such as a flat plane. The term, however, can also allude to a curves two-dimensional locus of points defining the boundary of a three-dimensional solid.

Regular form

Whose parts are related to each other in a consistent and orderly manner; Generally stable and symmetrical

Irregular form

Whose parts are dissimilar to each other and related to one another in a inconsistent manner; Generally dynamic and asymmetrical

Dimensional Transformation

A form can be transformed by altering one or more of its dimensional and still retain its identity as a member of a family of forms.

Subtractive Transformation

A form can be transformed by subtracting a portion of its volume. Depending on the extent of the subtractive process, the form can still retain its initial identity or be transformed into a form of another family.

Additive Transformation

A form can be transformed by the addition of elements to its volume. the nature of the additive process and the number and relative sizes of the elements being attached determine whether the identity of the initial form is altered or related.

Centralized

A number of secondary forms clustered about a dominant, central parent-form.

Linear

A series of forms arranged sequentially in a row

Radial

A composition of linear forms extending outward from a central form in a radial manner

Clustered

A collection of forms grouped together by proximity or the sharing of a common visual trait

Grid

A set of modular forms related and regulated by a three-dimensional grid

Simply Touching and Unadorned Corners

emphasize the volume of a form

Extended Corners

Define and express the meeting of elements

Rounded Corners

Emphasizes continuity of surface and compactness of volume and softness of form

Articulated Corners

Independent of the adjoining planes

Opening at corners

Independent of the adjoining planes

A Distinct Contrast Between the Surface and its Surrounding

clarify its shape

A Frontal View

reveals the true plane shape of a plane while oblique views distort it