Industrial revolution PP 4-6

Living conditions in industrial centres Part 1

Construction of inexpensive and poorly built row housing = intended for working-class people.
-cheap mats, back to back with no garden, no basic feautures e.g window, ventilation.

Lead to
Overcrowding
Spreading of diseases
Pollution
Poor hygiene (no water, sanitation)

Living conditions in industrial centres Part 2

Lack of sanitation = spread of diseases (cholera and typhus)

People = dump waste on street/river

Human waste = disposed into cesspits
When overcrowd = overflow of pollution in river + wells (drinking water)

Air = heavily polluted as factories produced large amounts of air pollution (burning coals)

Working conditions in factories

Owners prized production above all else = workers exposed to horrendous working condtions

Long hours 12-16 hrs
Low wages
Dangerous dirty, poor light + ventilation
Machine = not fenced off, increase injury
Little rights

Workhouses

Conditions were deliberately unpleasant
Families = split, women and men separate, and children removed
work = grind corn, break stone

Strict rules
Ran by master = give savage punishments for disobey
Parents rare saw children
Basic need given just to sustain life

Working Conditions in Coal Mines

Devel of steam engines allow water be pump from mines → mine deeper, hazardous

Inadequate ventilation - miner = breathe poisonous gas → lung disease
Flammable gases = explode when miner use their lamp → cave-ins
Really deep

Child labour (Factories)

Paid low, outnumber adults in factories

Piercers = lean over spinning machines + replaced the broken threads (machine still running)

Scavengers = crawl under machines + collect loose cotton and other waste

Child labour (Mines)

Hurriers = carried trucks of coal to surface
Young girls 6-teenager
Wore a chain around waist → damage pelvic bone, die from childbirth

Trapper = open and close ventilation doors in underground tunnels → allow Hurriers to pull their carts through.
Children 4-5 (in dark for 14hrs)