Hematologic System Disorder

Leukemia

Type of Cancer

• Uncontrolled proliferation of leukocytes

• Causes overcrowding of bone

• Decreased Hematopoietic Cells

Leukemia Signs and Symptoms

• Leukocytosis: Increased white blood cell on blood test

• Thrombocytopenia: less platelet and easy bleeding

• Anemia: fatigue SOB

Multiple Myeloma

Type of Cancer

• Idiopathic

• Involves cancerous B-lymphocytes overproducing immunoglobulins.

• Causes increased osteoclast and hypercalcemia.

Multiple Myeloma Signs and Symptoms

• Osteoporosis: bone breakage

• Hypercalcemia: confusion, lethargy, weakess, kidney stones, and kidney failure

• Treatment: chemotherapy, radiation, bone marrow transplant

Microcytic Anemia Characteristic

Characteristics:

• Low RBC (< 4 million)

• Low MCV (<80)

• Slowly lose RBC and run low on ingredients for RBC

Treatment:

• Stop blood loss and give iron supplements

Examples of Microcytic Anemia

• Women with heavy menses

• Occult (hidden) GI bleeding

Normocytic Anemia

Characteristics

• Low RBC (<4 million)

• Normal MCV

• RAPID Blood Loss (hemorrhage) or chronic disease that slows the production of RBC

Treatment

• Stop the blood loss

• Give units of blood to replace

Examples of Normocytic Anemia

• Rapid BLOOD Loss (Traumatic Hemmorrhage)

• Chronic disease that causes slow production of RBC

• Lupus, AIDS, Chronic Renal Failure.

Macrocytic Anemia

Characteristic

• Low RBC (<4 million) and Large MCV.

• Faulty DNA Coding cause large RBC

• Diminished Intrinsic factor production by Parietal Cells