Male Genitalia

focuses on abnormalitis, for procedures read the book!

testicles (testes)

male reproductive organ which primarily functions to produce spermatozoa and testosterone

stool, gown, disposable gloves, flashlight, stethoscope

equipment used to assess for the male genitalia

pediculosis pubis

• lice or nit infestations at the base of the penis or pubic hair

• this is commonly referred to as “crabs”

syphilitic chancre

• initially a small, silvery-white papule that develops a red, oval ulceration

• painless

• a sign of primary syphilis that spontaneously regresses

• often misdiagnosed as herpes

herpes progenitalis

• clusters of pimple-like, clear vesicles that erupt and become ulcers

• caused by HSV-1 and HSV-2

• remains dormant for varying periods of time

Genital Warts

• single or multiple, moist fleshy papules

• sti caused by human papillomavirus

paraphimosis

• foreskin is so tight that once retracted, it cannot be returned back over the glans

• foreskin that is left in the retracted position

Cancer of the Glans Penis

• appears as a hardened nodule or ulcer on the glans

• painless

• occurs primarily in uncircumcised men

hypospadias

• urethral meatus is located underneath the glans (ventral side)

• condition is a congenital defect

• groove extends from the meatus to the normal location of the urethral meatus

epispadias

• the urethral meatus is located on the top of the glans (dorsal side)

• this is a congenital defect

smegma

small amount of whitish material that normally accumulates under the foreskin

phismosis

• a tight foreskin that cannot be retracted over the glans

• appear as a tight ring or rubber band of foreskin around the tip of the penis, preventing full retraction

urinary meatus

• is slit-like and normally found in the center of the glans

gonorrhea

• yellow discharge is usually associated with

urethritis

• clear or white discharge is

left side

which side of the scrotal sac hangs lower than the other side?

hydrocele

• collection of serous fluid in the scrotum outside the testes within the tunica vaginalis

• appears as swelling in the scrotum and is usually painless

• can be observed thru transilluminate

hematocele

• collection of serosanguineous fluid in the scrotum

• does not transilluminate

testicular tumor

• initially a small, firm, nontender nodule on the testis

• as the tumor grows, the scrotum appears enlarged and client complains heavy feeling

• will not transilluminate

indirect inguinal hernia

• loop of bowel protrudes into the scrotum to create what is known to be

hernia

appear to be swelling in the scortum and palpable as a soft mass but fingers cannot get above the mass

cryptochordism

• failure of one or both testicles to descend into the scrotum

• scrotum appears to be empty or underdeveloped in affected cases.

epididymitis

• infection of the epididymis

• scrotum appears enlarged, reddened, swollen and tender

• associated with prostatitis or bacteial infection

orchitis

• inflammation of the testes frequently associated with mumps

• client complains of pain, heaviness, and fever

• scrotum appears enlarged and reddened

small testes

• small less than 3.5 cm long soft testes that indicate trophy

klinefelter’s syndrome

• small, less than 2 cm long firm testes may indicate ?

torsion of spermatic cord

• very painful condition caused by twisting of spermatic cord

• condition requires immediate referral for surgery because circulation is obstructed

• the spermatic cord is coiled

varicocele

• abnormal dilation of veins in the spermatic cord

• infertility may be associated with this condition

• has tortous veins

• enlargment of the veins that transport oxygen-depleted blood away from the testicle

tortous vein

are palpable and feel like a soft, irregular mass or a bag of worms which collapses when client is supine

spermatocele

• sperm-filled cystic mass located on epididymis

• palpable as small and nontender and movable above the testis

• will appear on transillumation

• abnormal sac (cyst) that develops in the epididymis

fluid, blood, bowel or tumor

enlarged scrotal sac may result from (4)

hydrocele and spermatocele

which abnormalities of the scrotum will transilluminate when light is applied to them.

hematocele, testicular tumor

These conditions typically do not transilluminate when light is applied.

sebaceous cysts

these lesions in the scrotal skin are small, yellowish, firm, nontender, and are benign nodules are considered normal findings

thumb and two fingers

which areas of the hand are used to palpate the scrotal contents

cryptorchidism

• absence of testes suggest ___ which is an undescended testicle

Phren’s sign

if the client has epididymitis passive elevation of the testes may relieve the scrotal pain, this scrotal pain is known to be

varicocele

• palpable, tortous veins suggest

infection or cysts

• a beaded or thickened cord indicates what

hydrocele

a cyst of the spermatic cord suggest what

no

yes or no: does scrotal contents normally illuminate when transillumination is performed?

scrotal hernia

bowel sounds auscultated over the mass indicate the presence of a bowel thus what type of hernia

• large hernias that extend into the scrotum

no

yes or no: will bowel sounds be heard over a hydrocele?

incarcerated hernia

what hernia is it if the mass cannot be pushed into the abdomen

strangulated hernia

occurs when the blood supply to the herniated tissue is cut off, leading to tissue death.

erect inguinal hernia

• bowel herniates thru the internal inguinal ring and remains in the inguinal canal or travel down into the scrotum

• this is most common type of hernia

• more frequent in children

direct inguinal hernia

• bowel herniates from behind and thru the external inguinal ring, rarely travel downs into the scrotum

• less common

• occurs mostly in adult

femoral hernia

• bowel herniates thru the femoral ring and canal and never travels into the scrotum and the inguinal canal is empty

• least common type of hernia

• occurs mostly in women

anterior surface of the rectum

where can the prostate be palpated during a digital rectal examination.

acute prostatitis

swollen tender prostate may indicate

benign prostatic hypertrophy

an enlarged smooth, firm, slightly elastic prostate that may NOT have median sulcus suggest

cancer

a hard area on the prostrate or hard, fixed, irregular nodules on the prostate indicates?

median sulcus is NOT palpable

acute prostatitis

• the prostate is swollen, tender, firm and warm to touch

• caused by bacterial infection