APUSH second great awakening terms

Second great awakening

New England: the renewed interest in religion inspired a wave of social activism

Western New York:the spirit of revival encouraged the emergence of new dominations

Kentucky and Tennessee: revival strengthened the Methodists and the Baptists

-Social activism inspired by the revival gave rise to abolition-of-slavery groups and the Society for the Promotion of Temperance, as well as to efforts to reform prisons and care for the handicapped and mentally ill

-positive: improved society

-began in 1800

2nd Great Awakening in NORTH

-movement resulted in creation of voluntary , reformist societies

-led directly to the anti slavery abolitionist movement

2nd Great Awakening in the SOUTH

-white evangelicals began to preach that the Bible supported slavery

Nat Turner

Led a slave revolt in Virginia in 1831

Nat Turner's revolt

-Slave rebellion in Virginia in August 1831

-slaves killed 55 people

-40 were executed for their role

Northern and Southern Slavery

Northern: opposed to slavery

Southern: supports slavery

The increased spiritually dove people apart because Northern and Southern states had differences in focus and interpretation

Cult of Domesticity

-Urged middle class women to focus on raising children and taking care of the home

-a women's role was to "civilize" her husband and her family

Henry David Thoreau

American essayist and poet, leading transcendentalist writer

Ralph Waldo Emerson

-essayist, lecturer, and poet who lead to the transcendentalist movement of the mid 19th century

-associated with the beliefs of the transcendentalism and utopian communities

Transcendentalism and utopian communities

-a core belief in the inherent goodness of people and nature

-adherents believe that society and its institutions have corrupted the purity of the individual, and they have faith that people are at their best when truly "self-reliant" and independent

Charles G. Finney

-minister and leader of the Second Great Awakening

-father of modern revivalism

Lyman Beecher

-Harriet Beecher Stowe's father

-minister and preacher

-American Temperance society co founder

Mormons

Group that formed in Nee York in the 1820s

New York's "Burned Over District"

In New York

American Society for the Promotion of Temperance

-Established on February 13 1826

-pledge to abstain from drinking alcohol

-one of the first groups to be totally opposed to alcohol

American Colonization Society

-the objective was to send former slaves and free black men and women back to Africa

-founded in 1817

-antislavery and abolitionism

-Northern religious reformers and some slave owners from the Upper South/border states

-resettlement in Africa

-gradual emancipation of slaves(with compensation), but also including the North's 250,000 free blacks

William Loyd Garrison

-Published "The Liberator" in 1831

-At first was for gradual abolition of slavery but then realized it was a mistake and said immediate emancipation with NO compensation

-slavery was a moral(concerned with the principles of right and wrong behavior) issue, not an economic issue

-disliked by Southerners

Emancipation

The freeing of someone from slavery

Compensation

Something (typically money) awarded to someone as a recompense for loss, injury, or suffering

Frederick Douglass

American abolitionist, author, and orator

-born slave but escaped when he was 21 and went on to become a world famous anti-slavery activist

1845: went to England because of danger he saved as fugitive and the publication of his biography "The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass" the same year

1847: founded a newspaper named "The North Star" in his newspaper he championed the abolition of slavery

David Walker

African American abolitionist/journalist and anti-slavery activist

-published "An Appeal to the Colored citizens of the World" which was a call for Black Unity

- his "Appeal" was the reason Southern states prohibited circulation of abolitionist literature and made it illegal to teach slaves to read and write

Grimke Sisters

Southern abolitionists

-Angelina and Sarah

Angelina Grimke

-daughter of wealthy, slaveholding judge in NC

-detested slavery

Lucy Stone

-traditional marriage is wrong

- part of American Women's Suffrage Assoc.

-edited " Women's Journal"

-advocate of women's rights

-says "legal existence of wife is suspended during marriage"

Seneca Falls Declaration of Sentiments

1848

-Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cody Stanton weren't aloud to attend the World Anti-Slavery Convention in London so they planned this convention

-convention to discuss the social, civil, and religious conditions and rights of women

-Wyoming was first to permit women to vote in 1869(Western Sates first)

Liberty Party

-one of the first groups to be totally opposed to the spread of slavery

-minor political party in the US in 1840

-became prominent in 1840

- ran for president in 1840 and 1844 but never won election

Nativism

-policy of protecting the interests of native-born or established inhabitants against those of immigrants

-associated with being anti-immigrant or anti-immigration

States rights

Rights and powers held by individual US states rather than by Federal Government

Early 19 century Women

-unable to vote

-legal status of a minor

-single: could own her own property

-married: no control over her property or her children

-could not initiate divorce

-couldn't make wills, sign a contract, or bring suit in court without her husbands permission

Temperance Movement

1826: American Temperance Society "Demon Run"

-alcohol is destroying American Families

-The Beecher Family: Lyman Beecher, Harriet Beecher Stowe, and Catharine

-sharp drop in alcohol consumption in 1830's

Seth Luther

-helped construct New England textile factories

-condemned low wages and overlong hours

-deplored exploitation of children

-he was partly responsible for the US first law to control child labor

Catharine Beecher

-Child of Lyman Beecher

-opposed women's suffrage

-became spokesperson for the idea that a women's place was in the home