Learn: anatomical terms

name the anatomical planes

1. sagittal

2. midsagittal

3. coronal/frontal

4. transverse/axial/horizontal

sagittal plane

divides body into left and right

midsagittal plane

divides the body into equal right and left sides

coronal/frontal plane

vertical division of the body into front (anterior) and back (posterior) portions

transverse/axial/horizontal plane

horizontal plane that divides the body into upper (superior) and lower (inferior) halves

superficial

closer to the surface

deep

further from the surface

superior

closer to the head/top

inferiror

away from the head/closer to the bottom

proximal

closer to the point of attachment

distal

away from the point of attachment

medial

closer to the midline/middle

lateral

away from the midline/middle

anterior

towards the front of the body

posterior

towards the back of the body

ventral

belly/front side

dorsal

back side

supine

lying face up

prone

lying face down

flexion

decreasing the angle and bringing closer together

extension

increasing the angle and pushing further apart

abduction

movement away from the midline

adduction

movement towards the midline

pronation

palm faces down (forearm movement)

supination

palm faces up (forearm movement)

inversion

bottom of the foot turns inward to face the midline

eversion

bottom of the foot turns outward away from the midline

dorsiflexion

toes to the sky/toes pointed up

plantarflexion

on tippy toes/toes pointed down

elevation

lift shoulder blades towards the ear

depression

lower shoulder blades

protraction

hug yourself

retraction

face pulls

medial (internal) rotation

limb towards the middle of the body

lateral (external) rotation

limb turns away from the body