🧫Anatomy, Physiology, Cell Structure and functions, and Tissues

Anatomy

(Another term: gross anatomy) study of human body STRUCTURES, how the body parts are ORGANIZED, and the science of interconnected structures of organisms, or of their parts.

Physiology

Study of the FUNCTIONS or ACTIVITIES performed by the body’s structures

Cells

Basic units of ALL LIVING THINGS: bacteria, plants, animals - including human beings - all have cells

Cells

Basic units of ALL LIVING THINGS: bacteria, plants, animals - including human beings - all have cells

Cytoplasm

Watery fluid that surrounds the nucleus.

• Provides structure for cell parts so they can move freely in cell membrane

• Enzymes within it help digest and break down other molecules for food

Nucleus

Specialized structure in the center of the cell

• Controls growth and reproduction of cell; contains cell’s genetic material

Cell membrane

The thin layer of tissue that surrounds the cell.

• It protects the interior of the cell from its surroundings.

• It is SEMIPERMEABLE - it allows certain substances to enter the cell

Mitosis

Process of cell reproduction when cells divide into 2 IDENTICAL “DAUGHTER CELLS”

metabolism

chemical process where cells convert NUTRIENTS to ENERGY

Anabolism

Type of Metabolism, process of simple molecules combining to form a complex molecule

• REQUIRES ENERGY

Catabolism

Type of Metabolism, the process of breaking complex molecules down into simple molecules

• RELEASES ENERGY

Tissues

A group of similar cells that perform a specific function

Connective tissue

FIBROUS tissue that binds and supports other body tissues and organs

Epithelial tissue

Provides a covering that protects the body and is found within many parts of the body such as:

• skin, mucous membranes, digestive and respiratory organs, the lining of the mouth, the lining of the heart, and the glands

Nerve tissue

Carries messages to and from the brain and controls and coordinates ALL bodily functions

Muscle tissue

Contracts and moves various parts of the body

Why is Cell Structure important?

skin, hair, and nails are living tissues made of cells that respond to treatments, products, and chemicals

List the organism and its components in order..

Cells; Tissues; Organs; Body systems; Human Body

What are 3 reasons cosmetologists should have a thorough understanding of anatomy and physiology?

1. Scalp manipulations, facials, mani. + pedi., are all common cosmetology procedures that rely on an understanding of human anatomy

2. Infection Control: Recognizing healthy hair, skin, nails; important for infection control

3. Working with bones of the face and skull contributes to flattering haircuts, hairstyling, and makeup application

When it comes to observing possible illnesses or infections in a client, what is always outside of a cosmetologist’s scope of practice?

diagnosing or treating any medical condition, illness, or infection

Extra Practice: Controls growth and reproduction of cell

Nucleus

Extra Practice: provides a structure for the cell parts so they can move freely

Cytoplasm

Extra Practice: Protects the interior of the cell from its surroundings

Cell membrane

Extra Practice: Thin layer of tissue that surrounds the cell

Cell membrane

Extra practice: The watery fluid that surrounds the nucleus

Cytoplasm

Contains the cell’s genetic material

Nucleus

Extra Practice: Semipermeable, meaning it allows certain substances to enter the cell

Cell membrane

Extra Practice: Specialized structure in the center of the cell

Nucleus

Contains enzymes that help digest and break down other molecules for food

Cytoplasm