Chapter 4 - Organizational Behavior

Organization

Are found in all walks of life.

Organizing

A basic function of management. It refers to the process involving the identification and grouping of activities to be performed.

Organizing

Means defining responsibilities of the employed people and how their activities are to be related.

Organization

The organizing process results in the outcome called…?

Hierarchy of persons

Basic feature of any organization.

Organizational Behavior

An academic discipline that deals with the systemic study of human behavior in an organizational environment.

Adam Smith

Charles Babbage

Robert Owen

Three individuals promoted ideas that had a major influence in shaping the direction and boundaries of organization behavior.

Adam Smith

He concluded that division of labor raises productivity by increasing each worker’s skill and dexterity.

The Wealth of Nations, 1776

A discussion made by Adam Smith where he brilliantly argued on the economic advantage that organizations and society would reap from the divisions of labor called work applications in the industry.

Charles Babbage

A British mathematics professor.

On the Economy of machinery and manufacturer, 1832

The book of Charles Babbage.

Robert Owen

A Welsh entrepreneur. He argued that money spent on improving labor was one of the best investments that business executives can make.

Classical Era

It covered the period from 1900-1930 approximately when the first general theory of management began to evolve.

Administrative Theory

It describes the effort to define the universal functions that managers perform and principles that constitute good management practices.

Structural Theory

A theory of authority structures and describes organizational activity as based on authority relation. From a structural perspective.

Individual level

Differe in many aspects such as personality, attitude, perception, learning, and motivation.

Group

A collection of two or more individuals to achieve a common goal.

Group level

Concepts are team, conflict, leadership, power, and politics. How groups are formed, how to make effective teams…

Organizational level

Means the level of the company’s instructional structure identified by the administrator for purposes of measuring performance.

Autocratic model

Managerial orientation is towards power. Managers see authority as the only means to get things done, and employees are expected to follow orders.

Custodial model

The managerial orientation is towards the use of money to pay for employee benefits. Includes employees to show their dependency and loyalty towards the company and not to the managers.

Supportive model

Depends on managerial leadership rathen than on the use of power and money.

Collegial model

An extension of the supportive model. Based on the team concept in which each employee develops a high degree of understanding.

Collegial

Refers to a body of people having a common purpose.