Lab 2 Aquatic Environments

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35 Terms

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Organism density (Organisms per liter of water calc.)

(# of organisms/cell vol ml) x (bottle vol ml/sampler vol L) = (# of org / Liters)

<p>(# of organisms/cell vol ml) x (bottle vol ml/sampler vol L) = (# of org / Liters)</p>
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Lentic

Still water

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Lotic

Flowing water

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Pseudo-replication

The error that occurs when samples are not independent, but they are treated as though they are

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How to avoid pseudo-replication

1). Choosing samples that intersperse replicate different treatment levels

2) don't sub-sample within experimental manipulations

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Micropterus dolomieu, Smallmouth bass (O: Chordata)

FACTS:

- found in warmer water (streams/lakes)

- have compressed bodies

------------------

YOUNG:

- eat zooplankton and insect larva

------------------

OLD:

- are carnivorous

- needs clear water to hunt prey

<p>FACTS:</p><p>- found in warmer water (streams/lakes)</p><p>- have compressed bodies</p><p>------------------</p><p>YOUNG:</p><p>- eat zooplankton and insect larva</p><p>------------------</p><p>OLD:</p><p>- are carnivorous</p><p>- needs clear water to hunt prey</p>
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Salvelinus fontinalis, Brook trout (O: Chordata)

FACTS:

- found in areas below 65°F

- require colder water to survive

- have a high oxygen content are adapted to low nutrient water

- can withstand higher velosity areas

- feeds on aquatic insects

- as adults they are pescators

- are slim and elongated (making them hydrodynamic)

<p>FACTS:</p><p>- found in areas below 65°F</p><p>- require colder water to survive</p><p>- have a high oxygen content are adapted to low nutrient water</p><p>- can withstand higher velosity areas</p><p>- feeds on aquatic insects</p><p>- as adults they are pescators</p><p>- are slim and elongated (making them hydrodynamic)</p>
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Hexeginia, Mayfly (O: Ephemeroptera)

Grazer/ Collector

-------------------

FEATURES:

- look for 3 caudal filaments (head, thorax, abdomen)

- abdominal furry filaments

- can make U-shaped sediment

- have a high oxygen content

- feeds on organic matter / decaying material

- found in slow moving waters

- as they grow they have wings

<p>Grazer/ Collector</p><p>-------------------</p><p>FEATURES:</p><p>- look for 3 caudal filaments (head, thorax, abdomen)</p><p>- abdominal furry filaments</p><p>- can make U-shaped sediment</p><p>- have a high oxygen content</p><p>- feeds on organic matter / decaying material</p><p>- found in slow moving waters</p><p>- as they grow they have wings</p>
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Perla, Stonefly (O: Plecoptera)

Shredder

-------------------

FEATURES:

- have 2 robust cerci in the abdomen

- have tuffs

- found in fast-moving/cold streams

- needs high amounts of oxygen

- clings substrate at high velocities

- feeds on CPOM

- can't stand in polluted waters

- have thoracic gills

<p>Shredder</p><p>-------------------</p><p>FEATURES:</p><p>- have 2 robust cerci in the abdomen</p><p>- have tuffs</p><p>- found in fast-moving/cold streams</p><p>- needs high amounts of oxygen</p><p>- clings substrate at high velocities</p><p>- feeds on CPOM</p><p>- can't stand in polluted waters</p><p>- have thoracic gills</p>
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Net-Spinning Caddisfly (O: Trichoptera)

Collector

-------------------

FEATURES:

- stuff gets stock on net and filters

- are "filtering collectors"

- found in lotic/cold streams

- eat detritus (algae)

<p>Collector</p><p>-------------------</p><p>FEATURES:</p><p>- stuff gets stock on net and filters</p><p>- are "filtering collectors"</p><p>- found in lotic/cold streams</p><p>- eat detritus (algae)</p>
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Stone Cased Caddisfly (O: Trichoptera)

Grazer

-------------------

FEATURES:

- builds stone case around themselves

- uses the stone case for protection

- Stone case helps with facilitating respiration

- has a darker platting in the first 3 sections of the body

- found in lotic streams (colder water)

- have abdominal gills

- 2-3 plates by head

- 1-3 plates after head

- eat detritus (algae)

<p>Grazer</p><p>-------------------</p><p>FEATURES:</p><p>- builds stone case around themselves</p><p>- uses the stone case for protection</p><p>- Stone case helps with facilitating respiration</p><p>- has a darker platting in the first 3 sections of the body</p><p>- found in lotic streams (colder water)</p><p>- have abdominal gills</p><p>- 2-3 plates by head</p><p>- 1-3 plates after head</p><p>- eat detritus (algae)</p>
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Psephenus, Water penny (O: Coleoptera)

Grazer

-------------------

FEATURES:

- feed on phytoplankton

- have flat body to limit resistance

- filamentous gills along abdomen

<p>Grazer</p><p>-------------------</p><p>FEATURES:</p><p>- feed on phytoplankton</p><p>- have flat body to limit resistance</p><p>- filamentous gills along abdomen</p>
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Chironomidae, bloodworms (O: Diptera)

FEATURES:

- found in lentic/warmer systems

- can also be found in slow moving lotic streams

- are detritivores

- are dominant in polluted waters (poor water quality)

- has a pill (head like plate)

- has a pair of unjointed legs at rear

<p>FEATURES:</p><p>- found in lentic/warmer systems</p><p>- can also be found in slow moving lotic streams</p><p>- are detritivores</p><p>- are dominant in polluted waters (poor water quality)</p><p>- has a pill (head like plate)</p><p>- has a pair of unjointed legs at rear</p>
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Tipulidae, Crane-fly (O: Diptera)

Gouger

-------------------

FEATURES:

- has a gummy structure

- dosent hava a distinct head or leg shape

- does not have gills

- has spiracles (used for respiration)

- are found near the surface of the water

<p>Gouger</p><p>-------------------</p><p>FEATURES:</p><p>- has a gummy structure</p><p>- dosent hava a distinct head or leg shape</p><p>- does not have gills</p><p>- has spiracles (used for respiration)</p><p>- are found near the surface of the water</p>
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Hellgrammite (O: Megaloptera)

Predator

-------------------

FEATURES:

- have a large mandibles

- have long lateral abdominal gills (look like legs

- hooked anal prolegs

- can tolerate more pollution (poor water qualities)

<p>Predator</p><p>-------------------</p><p>FEATURES:</p><p>- have a large mandibles</p><p>- have long lateral abdominal gills (look like legs</p><p>- hooked anal prolegs</p><p>- can tolerate more pollution (poor water qualities)</p>
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Chironomidae, Midge (O: Diptera)

Collector

<p>Collector</p>
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Heptageniiade, Mayfly

Grazer

<p>Grazer</p>
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Coenagrionidae, Damselfly (O: Odonata)

Predator

Coenagrionidae, Damselfly (O: Odonata)

<p>Predator </p><p>Coenagrionidae, Damselfly (O: Odonata)</p>
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genus: hexegenia, common name: mayfly (O: Ephemeroptera)

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Van Dorn

- used for surface, close to edges

- littoral zone

- can hold 2L

<p>- used for surface, close to edges</p><p>- littoral zone</p><p>- can hold 2L</p>
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Schindler-Patalas

- top and bottom

- can hold 30L

<p>- top and bottom</p><p>- can hold 30L</p>
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Sedgewick-Rafter counting cell

- used to observe different cells

- use only 4x and 10x objectives

- start from the bottom right and go in snake direction until you stop at the bottom left

<p>- used to observe different cells</p><p>- use only 4x and 10x objectives</p><p>- start from the bottom right and go in snake direction until you stop at the bottom left</p>
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crustacea - Adult copepoda

zooplankton

<p>zooplankton</p>
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Crustacea - Nauplius

zooplankton

<p>zooplankton</p>
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Oscillatoria (Cyanobacteria)

phytoplankton

<p>phytoplankton</p>
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Gloeocapsa (Cyanobacteria)

phytoplankton

<p>phytoplankton</p>
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Euglena (Excavata)

Phytoplankton

<p>Phytoplankton</p>
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Microcystis (Cyanobacteria)

phytoplankton

<p>phytoplankton</p>
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Dinobryon (stramenopile)

Phytoplankton

<p>Phytoplankton</p>
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Pennate diatom (Stramenophil)

Phytoplankton

<p>Phytoplankton</p>
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Colonial Diatom (Stramenophil)

Phytoplankton

<p>Phytoplankton</p>
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Pediastrum (Archaeplastida - Chlorophyte)

Phytoplankton

<p>Phytoplankton</p>
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Volvox (Archaeplastida - Chlorophyte)

Phytoplankton

<p>Phytoplankton</p>
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Closterium (Archaeplastida - Charophyte)

Phytoplankton

<p>Phytoplankton</p>
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Spirogyra (Archaeplastida - Charophyte)

Phytoplankton

<p>Phytoplankton</p>