ESS103 CH 11 Volcanism

volcanism

process involving magma toward Earth’s surface

magma chamber

where magma accumulates underground

conduit

path magma travels through

vent

opening where magma escapes

crater

small opening near the top

caldera

large depression formed when the volcano collapses

lava types

pahoehoe, a’a, pillow lava

pahoehoe

smooth, rope like lava

a’a

rough, jagged lava

pillow lava

lava erupts underwater

volcano types

shield volcano, composite volcano, cinder cone

shield volcano

• low viscosity

• wide & gentle sloping

composite volcano

• tall & steep

• explosive potential

cinder cone

• small volcano built mainly from fragments

hawaiian eruption

• gentle

• low-viscosity

strombolian eruption

• explosive

• bursts or volcanic fragements

vulcanain eruption

• more explosive

• large eruptions

plinian eruption

• extremely explosive

• large eruptions