Protists

Mixotrophy

________: able to use autotrophy and phagotrophy or osmotrophy depending on conditions.

Slimy mucilage

________ or cell walls defend against herbivores and pathogens.

Macronuclei

________ are the source of the information for cell function.

Euglenozoa

________: protein strips under plasma membrane allow crawling.

Food particles

________ are taken into cells by phagotrophy.

Haploid cells

________ develop into gametes.

Diploid sporophyte

________ produces spores by meiosis.

Parasitic protists

________ often use more than one host organism**,** in which different life stages occur.

Osmotrophy

________: heterotrophs that rely on uptake of small organic molecules.

Kinetoplastids

________: named for unusually large mass of DNA (kinetoplast) in a single large mitochondrion.

Trichocysts

________: spear- shaped projectiles to discourage herbivores.

Fungus

________- like: resemble fungi in body form and absorptive nutrition.

Phagotrophy

________: heterotrophs that ingest particles.

Protists

________: eukaryotes that are not classified in the plant, animal, or fungal kingdoms, though some ________ are closely related to plants or animals or fungi.

Cilia

________: shorter and more abundant than flagella.

Haploid gametophyte

________ produces gametes.

Diatoms

________: one of few protists with this life cycle.

Eukaryotic sexual reproduction

________ with gametes and zygotes arose among the protists.

Asexual reproduction

________ reduces the size of the daughter cells.

Sexual reproduction

________ restores maximal size.

gametes

All cells except the ________ are diploid.

Protists

eukaryotes that are not classified in the plant, animal, or fungal kingdoms, though some protists are closely related to plants or animals or fungi

Algae

generally photoautotrophic

Protozoa

heterotrophic

Fungus-like

resemble fungi in body form and absorptive nutrition

Plankton

swimming or floating

Phytoplankton

photosynthetic

protozoan plankton

heterotrophic

Cilia

shorter and more abundant than flagella

Amoeboid movement

using pseudopodia

Euglenozoa

protein strips under plasma membrane allow crawling

Kinetoplastids

named for unusually large mass of DNA (kinetoplast) in a single large mitochondrion

Phylum chlorophyta

green algae

Phylum rhodophyta

red algae

Ciliates

conjugation

Apicomplexa

medically important parasites

Dinoflagelllates

some photosynthetic, others not

ex

Dictyostelium discoideum*, ***slime mold

Phagotrophy

heterotrophs that ingest particles

Osmotrophy

heterotrophs that rely on uptake of small organic molecules

Photoautotrophy

photosynthetic

Mixotrophy

able to use autotrophy and phagotrophy or osmotrophy depending on conditions

Trichocysts

spear-shaped projectiles to discourage herbivores

Bioluminescence

startles herbivores

Toxins

inhibit animal physiology

Ex

toxic dinoflagellate Pfiesteria

Responsible for fish kills

"killer alga" or "the cell from hell"

and

mating strains

Diatoms

one of few protists with this life cycle

ex

Malarial parasite Plasmodium