HUG Unit 3 terms

Assimilation

The process by which individuals or groups of differing ethnic heritage are absorbed into the dominant culture of a society. Assimilation often involves the loss of original cultural traits and the adoption of the new culture's customs and values.

Definition

Assimilation refers to the process by which individuals or groups adopt the cultural traits of another culture.

Examples

Immigrants adopting the language, customs, and traditions of their new country.

Colonized people adopting the language and customs of their colonizers.

Customs

Definition

Customs are traditional practices or behaviors that are widely accepted and followed by a particular group or society.

Examples

Celebrating birthdays with cake and candles.

Shaking hands as a greeting.

Culture

Definition

Culture refers to the shared beliefs, values, customs, behaviors, and artifacts that characterize a group or society.

Types of Culture

Folk Culture: Traditional and rural culture that is passed down through generations.

Popular Culture: Mainstream culture that is influenced by mass media and consumerism.

Habit

Definition

Habit refers to a repetitive behavior that is performed automatically or unconsciously.

Examples

Brushing teeth before bed.

Checking phone first thing in the morning.

Tradition

Definition

Tradition refers to the transmission of customs or beliefs from generation to generation.

Examples

Celebrating Thanksgiving with a turkey dinner.

Lighting candles on a menorah during Hanukkah.

Taboo

Definition

Taboo refers to a social or cultural prohibition or restriction that is considered unacceptable or forbidden.

Examples

Incest.

Cannibalism.

Dialect

Definition

Dialect refers to a particular form of a language that is specific to a region or social group.

Examples

Southern American English.

Cockney English.

Term

Definition

Term refers to a word or phrase used to describe or identify something.

Examples

Scientific terms like photosynthesis and DNA.

Slang terms like 'cool' and 'lit'.

Standard Language

Definition

Standard language refers to the form of a language that is considered the most correct or prestigious and is used in formal settings.

Examples

Standard English.

Standard Mandarin.

Official Language

Definition

Official language refers to the language that is designated by a country's government as the language of official communication and documentation.

Examples

English in the United States.

French in France.

Institutional Language

Definition

Institutional language refers to the language used in formal institutions such as government, education, and business.

Examples

Legal jargon.

Academic language.

Monotheism

Definition

Monotheism refers to the belief in the existence of only one god.

Examples

Christianity.

Islam.

Polytheism

Definition

Polytheism refers to the belief in the existence of multiple gods.

Examples

Hinduism.

Ancient Greek religion.

Denominations

Definition

Denominations refer to different branches or sects within a religious group that have distinct beliefs or practices.

Examples

Catholicism and Protestantism within Christianity.

Sunni and Shia within Islam.

Values

Definition

Values refer to the principles or standards of behavior that are considered important or desirable by a particular group or society.

Examples

Equality.

Honesty.

Rituals

Definition

Rituals refer to a sequence of actions or behaviors that are performed in a specific order and have symbolic meaning.

Examples

Wedding ceremonies.

Religious prayers.

Practices

Definition

Practices refer to the customary or habitual actions or behaviors of a particular group or society.

Examples