Campbell Biology Chapter 10

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25 Terms

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photosynthesis

process of harnessing light energy to build carbohydrates from carbon dioxide and water molecules

<p>process of harnessing light energy to build carbohydrates from carbon dioxide and water molecules</p>
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photosynthesis (equation)

6 CO2 + 6 H2O + light energy --> C6H12O6 + 6 O2

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autotroph

organism that CAN capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce its own food (producer)

<p>organism that CAN capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce its own food (producer)</p>
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heterotroph

organism that CANNOT produce its own food and therefore obtains it by consuming other living things (consumer)

<p>organism that CANNOT produce its own food and therefore obtains it by consuming other living things (consumer)</p>
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light-dependent reactions

1st step of photosynthesis during which light energy is captured and used to synthesize ATP and NADPH

<p>1st step of photosynthesis during which light energy is captured and used to synthesize ATP and NADPH</p>
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light-independent reactions

2nd step of photosynthesis during which CO2 is incorporated into a sugar molecule using ATP and NADPH produced during the first step

<p>2nd step of photosynthesis during which CO2 is incorporated into a sugar molecule using ATP and NADPH produced during the first step</p>
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thylakoid membranes

location of light-dependent reactions

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stroma

location of light-independent reactions

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G3P

carbon product of the light-independent reactions, which used to form glucose sugar

<p>carbon product of the light-independent reactions, which used to form glucose sugar</p>
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blue, violet and red

Which wavelengths of the visible light spectrum do chlorophylls ABSORB?

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green

Which wavelengths of the visible light spectrum do chlorophylls REFLECT?

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carotenoids

accessory pigments in chloroplasts that broaden the spectrum of colors used in photosynthesis (absorb green/blue but reflect red/yellow/orange)

<p>accessory pigments in chloroplasts that broaden the spectrum of colors used in photosynthesis (absorb green/blue but reflect red/yellow/orange)</p>
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photosystem II (PS II)

1st of two light harvesting units in thylakoid membrane that passes excited electrons to reaction-center chlorophyll

<p>1st of two light harvesting units in thylakoid membrane that passes excited electrons to reaction-center chlorophyll</p>
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water

splitting this molecule replaces electrons which are excited and passed to primary electron acceptor in PSII

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O2

released as a byproduct of splitting water

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photosystem I (PS I)

2nd of two light-capturing units in thylakoid membranes that replaces its electrons by those from the 1st complex and results in production of NADPH

<p>2nd of two light-capturing units in thylakoid membranes that replaces its electrons by those from the 1st complex and results in production of NADPH</p>
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proton-motive force

created by pumping hydrogen ions from stroma to thylakoid space during electron transport chain between PS II and PS I

<p>created by pumping hydrogen ions from stroma to thylakoid space during electron transport chain between PS II and PS I</p>
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ATP synthase

enzyme that synthesies ATP by utilizing a proton-motive force

<p>enzyme that synthesies ATP by utilizing a proton-motive force</p>
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Calvin cycle

other names for light independent reactions include dark reactions, carbon fixation or _______

<p>other names for light independent reactions include dark reactions, carbon fixation or _______</p>
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carbon dioxide

molecule used in Calvin cycle to produce sugar

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thylakoids

(C) flattened membranous sacs inside chloroplasts that contain systems which convert light energy to chemical energy

<p>(C) flattened membranous sacs inside chloroplasts that contain systems which convert light energy to chemical energy</p>
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NADP+

high energy electron carrier(s ) before reduction in photosynthesis (after they drop off electrons for Calvin cycle)

<p>high energy electron carrier(s ) before reduction in photosynthesis (after they drop off electrons for Calvin cycle)</p>
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NADPH

high energy electron carrier(s ) after reduction in photosynthesis (after they pick up electrons from ETC)

<p>high energy electron carrier(s ) after reduction in photosynthesis (after they pick up electrons from ETC)</p>
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ATP

energy product(s) from ETC in cellular respiration

<p>energy product(s) from ETC in cellular respiration</p>
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ATP and NADPH

product(s) from ETC in photosynthesis, which are required for the Calvin cycle

<p>product(s) from ETC in photosynthesis, which are required for the Calvin cycle</p>