APB G8L8 Ecology compare and examples

symbiosis

any interaction between members of two different species

competition

interaction between organisms when they attempt to share the same resource

parasitism

interaction between species where one benefits and the other is harmed (+/-)

commensalism

interaction between species where one benefits and the other is not affected (+/0)

mutualism

interaction between species where both benefit (+/+)

facilitation

one species has a positive effect on another species without direct contact (can be +/+ or 0/+)

predation

interaction between species where one consumes the other (+/-)

herbivory

an organism eats part of a plant or algae

cooperation

animals (usually of the same species) working together to mutual benefit

trophic cascade

control over trophic levels comes from the trophic level above (top-down model)

bottom-up model

control over trophic levels comes from trophic level below

keystone species

a species that is not abundant but has control over the success of the ecosystem