Java Programming Fundamentals

Flashcards covering key Java programming concepts, syntax, and definitions from the lecture notes.

Statement Terminator

Every complete statement in Java ends with a period.

Literals

Fixed values or data examples like 72, 'A', "Hello World", 2.8712.

Braces ({})

Enclosures for a group of statements, such as the contents of a class or a method.

Negation Operator

A unary operator.

final keyword

Used to declare a named constant, preventing its value from being changed.

Multi-line Comment

Starts with /* and ends with */.

Single-line Comment

Starts with // and ends at the end of the line.

Documentation Comment

Starts with /** and ends with */, typically processed by javadoc.

Scanner.nextLine()

The Scanner class method used to read a string as input.

Scanner.nextDouble()

The Scanner class method used to read a double as input.

JOptionPane

A class used to display dialog boxes.

Widening Conversion

When Java converts a lower-ranked value to a higher-ranked type automatically.

Cast Operator

Allows manual conversion of a value, even if it results in a narrowing conversion.

Variable Declaration

Statement that tells the Java compiler the variable's name and the type of data it will hold.

Self-documenting Program

A program whose code is easy to understand just by reading it, often due to clear variable names and comments.

Case-sensitive Language

A language (like Java) that regards uppercase letters as entirely different characters than their lowercase counterparts.

System.out.print/println

Methods of the 'out' object, which is contained within the System class, used for output to the console.

Data Type Considerations

When choosing a data type, consider the nature of the data, the amount of memory the variable uses, and how it formats and stores data.

Variable Assignment

Giving a value to an already declared variable.

Variable Initialization

Declaring a variable with a data type and assigning its initial value simultaneously.

Programming Style

The way a programmer uses spaces, indentations, blank lines, and punctuation to visually arrange source code, promoting organization and readability.

Named Constant Advantage

Makes programs more self-documenting and allows for easy, widespread changes to a value across the program.

javadoc command

Used to generate HTML documentation files from Java source files containing documentation comments (e.g., javadoc SalesAverage.java).

Type Promotion (Arithmetic)

When an expression adds a byte variable and a short variable, the result will be an int type due to type promotion rules in Java.