What are the main functions of the acessory glands
Add fluid, buffers, and nutrients and finally becomes semen
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What is the main funciton of the penis
the male copulatory (sex) organ, delivers semen during natural breeding.
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What is unique about the roosters reproductive tract
Phallus penis, unequal testicles, no scrotum, concentrated semen
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What does GnRH do
Sourced from the Hypothalamus; Targets the anterior petuitairy and releases FSH and LH
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What does LH do
Sourced from the anterior petuitairy; targets the ovary/testes; functions include ovualtion, CL formation, progesterone/testostorone production
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What does FSH do
Sourced from the anterior petuitairy; targets the ovary/testes; functions as the folicle stimulating hormone and aids in folicular development, estrogen production and spermatogenesis
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What does Estrogen do
Sourced from the folicle and placenta; targeting the uterus, hypothalamus and mamary tissue; functions in stimulating mating behavior and GnRH release
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What does testostorone do
sourced from the testies; targets the skeletal muscle, and seminiferous tubles; functions to aid in anabolic growth and spermatogenesis
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What does progesterone do
sourced from teh CL and placenta; targets the uterus and hypothalamus; functions to maintain pregnancy and inhibits GnRH
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What does PGF2α do
Sourced from the uterine endometrium; targets the CL, uterus, grafian folicles; functions to regress the CL, uterine contractions and ovulation
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What is estrous
the entire cycle of heat and ovulation
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What is estrus
standing heat
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What is the polyestrus
having multiple heats per year
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What is monoestrus
having only one heat per year
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What is the average length of estrous for bovine
21 days
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what is the average length of estrus for bovine
18 hours
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what is the average length of gestation for bovine
285 days (~9 mo)
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What is the avg length of estrous for sheep
17 days
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What is the duration of estrus for sheep
30 hours
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What is the avg gestation length for sheep
147 days
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what is the avg estrous length for horses
22 days
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what is the avg estrus length for horses
7 days
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what is the avg gestation length for horses
335 days (~1 year)
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What is the avg length of estrous for a pig
21 days
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what is the avg length of estrus for a pig
60 hours
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What is the avg gestation length for pigs 3 mo, 3 wk, 3 days (~114 days)
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What is the avg estrous length for goats
21 days
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what is the avg estrus length for goats
39 hours
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what is the avg gestation length for goats
150 Days
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What is the placenta and why is it important
membrane system that happens during pregnancy; provides protection exchange of nutrients from mother to embryo
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What is the chorion
outside layer of placenta that attatches to the mother
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What is the allantoic membranes
layer between the chorion and amnion
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what is the amnion
layer that forms against the fetus and protects it
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What is partruition
process of having the offspring
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How is partruition dictated
By the offspring. Affecting factors are movement, levels of cortizol, oxytocin and PGF2α, relaxin being produced
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What is relaxin
hormone that relaxes the ligaments and tendons so the mother can give birth
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What is the first stage of partruition
The cervix dilates: mother becomes uncomfy and begins positioning herslef, fetus begins repositioning
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What is the 2nd stage of partruition
Waterbag (amnion) appears and breaks: leads to delivery of the offspring, can last 30 min to a couple hours
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What is the 3rd stage of partruition
Expulsion of the afterbirth: All remaining placenta is delivered
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