Lymphatic System

Lymphatic system characteristics

closley assoc w the cardiovas. system

network of vessles that circulate fluid

Interstittial fluid

fluid that is forced out thru blood vessel wall and into spaces b/w nearby cells

similar to plasma

Lymph Fluid

interstitial fluid reabsorbed into blood or into lymphatic capilllaries

Flow of lymph

lymphatic capillary

lymphatic vessel

lymph node

lymphatic vessel

lymphatic trunk

collecting duct (R-lymph duct+ thoracic duct)

subclavian vein

Right lymphatic Duct

- drains lympth from its rt half of upper body

Thoracic Duct

drains lymph from the left half of the upper body and the entire lower body

Lymph nodes are loacted where?

located along the L. pathways and have L. vessels in and out

none in cranial cavity

Lymph nodes are the only..

lymphoid structures that filter lymph

Lymph nodes characteristics

contain macrophages and lymphocytes that help cleaning lymph fluid

help produce lymphocytes

Thymus gland is located

above the heart

Thymus gland functions

secretes thymosin

produces lymphocytes

shrinks with age

Thymosin

hormone that stimulate the development of lymphocytes into T- cells

Spleen characteristics

largest lymphatic organ

upper left abdominal cavity

contains lymphocytes and macrophages

Spleen functions

uses lymphocytes to fight viruses and macrophages to fight bacteria

rbc graveyard

Diapedesis

leukocytes abilty to leave bloodstream to fight infection/ engulf damaged tissue

Good signs of WBC at work

redness bc of vasodialation

pus

Neutrophils

60%-1st to arrive at infection site. work by phagocytes and shoot out traps to catch pathogens

Lymphocytes

30%- 2 types (T-cells and B-cells) fight viruses

Monocytes

8%- becomes macrophages and engulf bacteria, dead cells, and damaged tissue (phagocytosis)

Eosinophils

2%- control allergic reactions

basophils

0%- releases histamine at the site of damaged tissue and heparin to inhibt clotting

granulocytes

B.E.N (have granules in cytoplasm)

Agranulocytes

L, M (do not have granules in the cytoplasm)

leukocytes mnemonic

60 Never

30 Let

8 My

2 Engine

0 Blow

Types of Defenses-

1- Innate Defenses (non specific)

2- Adaptive (specifc)

Innate defense examples

species resistence

skin

chemical- HCl (stomach acid)

Phagocytosis

Fever

Innate defense defintion

non specific defense that will work against different types of attacks

Adaptive defense definition

- designed for immunity- which is resistence to specifc pathogens

Adaptive defense examples

Antigen- Antibody but for bacteria/ viruses

Dendritic Cells, function and location

brings proteins to lymph nodes and presents them to t-lymphocytes to trigger an immune response

links innate and adaptive systems

located in organs like skin and lungs