Maddox ARTH 206 Midterm

Humanism

An intellectual movement that focused on human potential and achievements

Mysticism

belief that union with or absorption into the Deity or the absolute, or the spiritual apprehension of knowledge inaccessible to the intellect, may be attained through contemplation and self-surrender.

intercessor

one who acts between two parties, a mediator

picture plane

the surface of a painting or drawing

ground plane

flat horizontal plane that extends to the horizon from the front of the picture plane

Gothic Characteristics

pointed arches, flying buttresses

realism

the attribute of accepting the facts of life and favoring practicality and literal truth

rising perspective

a type of perspective where the horizon line is placed high on the picture plane (often giving the impression that the ground plane is tilted sharply upwards).

simultaneity of interior and exterior

a scene where both the interior of closed structures and the exterior environment are depicted.

soft modeling

early planning for building

penchant

a strong attraction or inclination for artists

diptych

A two-paneled painting or altarpiece.

triptych

a picture or relief carving on three panels, typically hinged together side by side and used as an altarpiece.

wing

movable panels attached to an altarpiece

sibyls

a woman in ancient times supposed to utter the oracles and prophecies of a god.

intuitive perspective

giving the impression of recession of objects in space by approximating the appearance of things as smaller or larger, not accurate system/proportions to show this

single-point linear perspective

a drawing method that shows how things appear to get smaller as they get further away, converging towards a single 'vanishing point' on the horizon line.

orthoganals

parallel lines perpendicular to picture plane that merge to vanishing point

vanishing point

A vanishing point is a point in space, usually located on the horizon, where parallel edges of an object appear to converge.

focal point

The center of interest on a page or set of facing pages, created by using color, contrast and proportion.

foreshortening

The use of perspective to represent in art the apparent visual contraction of an object that extends back in space at an angle to the perpendicular plane of sight.

di sotto in su

Italian, "from below upwards." A technique of representing perspective in ceiling paintings.

chiaroscuro

The treatment of light and shade in a work of art, especially to give an illusion of depth.

sfumato

Italian for "smoky", technique used to blend details to look more realistic

colorito

Italian, "colored" or "painted." A term used to describe the application of paint. Characteristic of the work of 16th-century Venetian artists who emphasized the application of paint as an important element of the creative process. Central Italian artists, in contrast, largely emphasized disegno the careful design preparation based on preliminary drawing.

designo

structure of composition in arrangement of forms, gesture, and posture

tenebroso

shows more darkness in a picture

woodcut

a print created from an incised piece of wood

engraving

Art form in which an artist etches a design on a metal plate with acid and then uses the plate to make multiple prints

dry point

printmaking where the design is scratched into the steel plate with a hard, steel tool

pietra serena

A gray Tuscan sandstone used in florentine architecture

pendentive dome

vaulting form in which the curve of the pendentive and dome is continuous, without a break.

transept

(in a cross-shaped church) either of the two parts forming the arms of the cross shape, projecting at right angles from the nave.

stigmata

marks resembling the wounds on the crucified body of Christ

baptism

Sacrament by which God cleanses all sin, and one becomes a member of the church.

annunciation

The announcement by the angel Gabriel to the Virgin Mary that God wanted her to be the Mother of the Savior, Jesus Christ.

nativity

The birth of Jesus Christ, the Son of God and of the Virgin Mary.

visitation

The visit of the Virgin Mary, who was already bearing the unborn Jesus, to her cousin Elizabeth, who in her old age had conceived a son who was to become John the Baptist.

Last Supper

the last meal taken by Christ with his apostles, the night before his Passion. Through this meal, Christ instituted the Holy Eucharist and the priesthood.

crucifixion

execution in which Jesus was nailed to a cross

Lamentation or the deposition

Jesus' sorrowful followers gather around his body in a group expressing grief. An image of the Virgin mourning alone with Jesus across her lap is known in Italian as a pietà (from the Latin pietas, "pity") or, in German, a Vesperbild (the image for evening prayer).

resurrection

Jesus's rise from the dead

5 characteristics of Baroque

- Motion

- Space

- Time

- Dramatic light

- Passionate theatricality

4 characteristics of Gothic

pointed arches, ribbed vaulting, flying buttresses, large stained glass window