Chemistry - Acids, bases and salts

What happens when a metal reacts with hydrochloric acid?

Metal chloride + hydrogen

What happens when a metal reacts with sulfuric acid?

Metal sulfate + hydrogen

What happens when a metal reacts with nitric acid?

Metal nitrate + hydrogen

What is neutralisation?

When acids react with bases/alkalis

What happens when an acid reacts with a metal hydroxide/oxide?

Metal salt + water

What happens when an acid reacts with a metal carbonate?

Metal salt + water + carbon dioxide

What makes an alkali alkaline?

Contains hyrdoxide ions, the more hydroxide ions the higher the pH

What makes an acid acidic?

Contains hydrogen ions, the more hydrogen ions the lower the pH

What is the test for carbon dioxide?

Pass it through limewater and if present, the limewater turns cloudy or milky

(precipitate formed)

CO2 + Ca(OH)2→CaCO3 + H20

What is the test for a carbonate?

Add an acid and if present, it will give off bubbles - producing carbon dioxide

What is the test for a sulfate?

Add barium chloride and if present, a white precipitate is formed

What is titration?

An investigation technique to find the concentration of either an acid or an alkali when the concentration of the other is known