Section 1 and Section 2 Quiz Review; Chapter 5: Ancient India World History I; Ms. Brown

Indo-European-speaking pastoral nomads who slowly moved into the Indus Valley. Very little is known about these people, but they are believed to be from Central Asia originally

Aryans

The source of everything and spiritual power that exists in everything

Brahman

A social class a person is born into

Caste

The moral and ethical duties and responsibilities that an individual must follow according to their position in society

Dharma

Philosophers or teachers who share their thoughts on spirituality with groups looking for further enlightenment

Gurus

A polytheistic religion that involves worshipping many gods and goddesses, with each representing different aspects of life and the universe. There is no single founder or central religious authority as a result, there is a wide variety of beliefs and practices within the faith

Hinduism

- Organized in a grid pattern, with wide streets and no noticeable political or religious buildings

Indus Valley cities

The result of a person’s actions in this life and past lives. Negative actions will lead to hardships in the next life

Karma

Liberation from samsara and the soul rejoins the Brahman in a state of joy

Moksha

- Wet winds from the ocean that bring rain

Monsoon

A form of drawing that stands for objects, sounds, or ideas, one of the earliest forms of writing

Pictograph

The rebirth of the soul into a new body

Reincarnation

The cycle of death and reincarnation of the soul

Samsara

A language with Indo-European roots and is the ancestor of modern Indian languages. It was used for sacred writings

Sanskrit

A large land mass set apart from the rest of the continent

Subcontinent

A collection of sacred hymns and poetry that were sung or chanted during ceremonies and heavily influenced Hinduism

The Vedas

- When the Indus Civilization collapsed, people moved east towards the Ganges River Valley. Subsistence farming was practiced until more pastoral communities developed, eventually becoming kingdoms.

The Vedic period

Varna - Social group based on skills or abilities

Varna